Dogs can indeed catch COVID-19, but the risk is relatively low. According to studies, dogs are not a primary source of transmission for the virus.
Most dogs that have contracted COVID-19 show mild or no symptoms, but some may develop a cough, runny nose, or loss of appetite. In rare cases, dogs can develop more severe symptoms, such as pneumonia.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that there is no evidence that dogs can transmit COVID-19 to humans, but it's still possible for people to infect their dogs.
For another approach, see: Funny Covid Dog Names
Can Dogs Catch COVID?
Yes, dogs can catch COVID-19 from humans, but the risk is very low.
According to veterinarians, there have been documented cases of human-to-pet transmission, and a study found that about 17 percent of pets living with people who have tested positive for COVID-19 have contracted the virus.
If your dog does get COVID, you should isolate them from other pets and follow social distancing rules as much as possible.
To reduce the risk of transmission, practice good hygiene, such as washing your hands well before and after petting your dog, and wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when interacting with a sick dog.
Your veterinarian can provide guidance on providing care and monitoring your dog's condition.
Dogs can get COVID-19 from humans, but they are not easily infected under natural conditions, and there is no evidence that infected dogs spread the virus to other animals or to people.
To keep your dog safe, avoid dog parks, dog kennels, and mixing your dog with other animals and humans.
Here are some precautions to take if your dog gets COVID-19:
- Isolate your dog from other pets.
- Follow social distancing rules.
- Avoid dog parks, dog kennels, and mixing your dog with other animals and humans.
- Practice good hygiene.
- Wear PPE when interacting with a sick dog.
- Consult your veterinarian for guidance.
Transmission and Diagnosis
Veterinarians may suspect an animal has SARS-CoV-2 based on the signs the animal is showing and a history of known or possible contact with an infected person.
Most pets will not need to be tested for SARS-CoV-2.
There are no in-home tests for SARS-CoV-2 in animals, unlike in people.
Sars-CoV-2 Diagnosis in Animals
Veterinarians may suspect an animal has SARS-CoV-2 based on the signs the animal is showing and a history of known or possible contact with an infected person. Most pets will not need to be tested for SARS-CoV-2.
Unlike in people, there are no in-home tests for SARS-CoV-2 in animals. Rather, in the United States, whether to test any animal for the virus is a formal decision made collaboratively between local, state, or federal public health and animal health officials.
Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in animals is not a routine procedure, and it's usually reserved for cases where there's a clear reason to suspect an animal may be infected.
COVID Transmission from Humans
The risk of transmitting COVID-19 from humans to animals is a concern, especially during close contact.
Most cases of dogs catching COVID-19 are associated with close contact with infected humans. In fact, the majority of dogs who have contracted COVID-19 were in close proximity to an infected person.
Human-to-dog transmission is possible but very rare. According to experts, the chances of your dog catching COVID-19 from you are low.
The World Health Organization has labeled COVID-19 as a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be spread between animals and humans. In some cases, domestic pets have passed COVID-19 to their owners.
There have been reports of a cat passing COVID-19 to its veterinarian by sneezing on the doctor. This highlights the importance of taking precautions to prevent transmission.
Here's a breakdown of the risk of COVID-19 transmission from humans to animals:
Keep in mind that the risk of transmission is still present, even if it is low. To minimize the risk, it's essential to take precautions and avoid close contact with animals if you're infected with COVID-19.
Treatment and Prevention
If your dog is diagnosed with COVID-19, supportive care is usually all that's needed, and this can often be done at home with your vet's advice and support.
Dogs with mild signs may need rest, fluids, and anti-inflammatory medications (if needed) to reduce discomfort. Your vet may recommend inpatient care if your dog seems dehydrated or develops secondary infections.
In most cases, COVID-19 in dogs only lasts a few days to weeks, and with proper care, your furry friend should be back to normal in no time.
If your vet recommends home isolation, follow their instructions for care, and don't put a mask on your pet. Keep your pet at home, except to get veterinary care, and protect yourself and others by following CDC recommendations for preventing transmission of COVID-19.
Treatment for
If your pet is diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2, your veterinarian will work with you to develop a treatment plan. Most cases in pets are mild and resolve with supportive care, such as ample fluids, good nutrition, and rest.
Your veterinarian may recommend home isolation, where you'll need to follow their instructions for care. This includes not putting a mask on your pet, keeping them indoors, and protecting yourself and others by following CDC guidelines for preventing transmission of COVID-19.
To protect yourself, wash your hands before and after handling your pet, and when handling their food, waste, litter box, or supplies. You should also keep your pet separated from people at increased risk from COVID-19, such as those over 65 or with chronic health conditions.
If your pet is a cat, it's especially important to keep them indoors to prevent potential exposure to COVID-19. Monitor your pet's daily health and call your veterinarian if they seem to be getting worse or developing new signs of illness.
In dogs, COVID-19 treatment is usually unnecessary for those showing no signs of the illness. However, dogs with mild signs may need supportive care, including rest, fluids, and anti-inflammatory medications to reduce discomfort.
Here's a summary of treatment recommendations:
- Follow your veterinarian's instructions for care.
- Keep your pet at home, except for veterinary care.
- Monitor your pet's daily health and seek veterinary care if they show signs of worsening illness.
- Wash your hands before and after handling your pet, and when handling their food, waste, litter box, or supplies.
- Protect yourself and others by following CDC guidelines for preventing transmission of COVID-19.
Coronavirus Vaccine Availability
There is a canine coronavirus (CCV) vaccination that protects against Enteric Canine Coronavirus only.
This vaccine is generally no longer recommended by vets because the disease is typically mild, self-limiting, and mainly just seen in puppies under six weeks of age.
The CCV vaccine does not protect against other coronavirus strains like CRCoV and SARS-CoV-2.
Some zoos have administered an experimental coronavirus vaccine to their animals to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Veterinarians are not recommending this vaccine for domestic dogs, and it is not available for this use.
Symptoms and Risks
Dogs can catch COVID-19, but many don't show any symptoms at all.
Most dogs that do get sick experience mild or no symptoms, with 42% of infected dogs tracked by Austrian researchers showing no symptoms or symptoms that couldn't be linked to COVID-19.
If your dog does get sick, they may show common symptoms like coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, lethargy, mild respiratory distress, fever, difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, runny nose or nasal congestion, eye discharge, vomiting, or diarrhea.
These symptoms can be similar to those in humans with mild COVID-19, but it's essential to note that severe illness in dogs due to COVID-19 is extremely rare.
Here are some common symptoms to look out for:
- Coughing
- Sneezing
- Nasal discharge
- Lethargy
- Mild respiratory distress
If your dog is showing any of these signs, it's crucial to call your veterinarian and follow their advice to prevent transmission to humans and other animals.
The biggest risk for a dog with COVID-19 is a secondary infection, such as a bacterial infection that may turn into pneumonia and require antibiotics and more serious treatment.
Testing and Vaccination
Routine testing of dogs for COVID-19 is not suggested by the United States Department of Agriculture, even if they've been in contact with someone who has the virus.
Your vet will decide if a coronavirus test is necessary if your dog is showing symptoms that require a vet visit.
The canine coronavirus vaccination protects against Enteric Canine Coronavirus, but it's generally no longer recommended by vets because the disease is typically mild and self-limiting, mainly seen in puppies under six weeks of age.
Should I Test My Dog?
Routine testing of dogs for COVID-19 is not suggested by the United States Department of Agriculture, even if they've been in contact with someone who has the virus.
However, if your dog is showing symptoms that require a vet visit, your vet will decide if a coronavirus test is in order or not.
Vaccinating My Dog
There's no COVID-19 vaccine for dogs, only humans.
Your vet may suggest your dog receive either the Enteric Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) or the Respiratory Canine Coronavirus (CRCoV) vaccines.
These canine coronavirus vaccines help prevent a contagious intestinal virus that can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Unfortunately, neither of the vaccines can prevent SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
There are plenty of other vaccines out there that can help keep your dog safe from serious diseases like Lyme and rabies.
Pet Safety and Human Risk
The risk of your family dog catching COVID from you remains low, according to Dr. Robert Gonzalez, regional medical director for Small Door Veterinary. However, it's still possible for dogs to contract COVID-19 from their owners.
Human-to-dog transmission is possible but very rare, and the transfer of illnesses between animals and humans is not uncommon. The CDC estimates that 6 out of every 10 infectious diseases that make humans sick are zoonotic diseases, which are spread by animals to humans.
You can protect yourself and your pet from coronavirus by practicing good hand hygiene, limiting touching of your face, nose, and mouth, and covering coughs and sneezes.
Other advice is to regularly disinfect frequently touched surfaces with household cleaners or sprays, restrict contact with pets and other animals if you're symptomatic or have tested positive for COVID-19, and wear an appropriate facemask and wash hands thoroughly before and after interacting with pets.
The American Veterinary Medical Association recommends keeping dogs on a leash, at least 6 feet away from others, and keeping cats indoors to reduce the risk of transmission.
If your pet shows any symptoms of gastro-intestinal or respiratory illness, keep them home and away from dog parks, groomers, and play groups to limit the spread to other dogs.
Here are some key precautions to take:
- Wash your hands well before and after petting your dog, feeding them, etc.
- Wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when interacting with a sick dog.
- Isolate your dog from other pets.
- Follow social distancing rules that apply to people in the home.
- Avoid dog parks, dog kennels, and mixing your dog with other animals and humans.
By following these recommendations, you can help protect the health of both you and your pets.
Coronavirus in Animals
Animals can get infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, from people, especially during close contact. This has been documented worldwide, including in companion animals like cats, dogs, and ferrets, as well as animals in zoos and sanctuaries.
The risk of animals spreading COVID-19 to people is rare, even with close contact. However, it's still possible for animals to act as vehicles of transmission, or "fomites", for the virus, especially if they come into contact with an infected person's objects or surfaces.
Some animals may show signs of illness, such as fever, coughing, and difficulty breathing, while others may not show any symptoms at all. If you suspect your animal has COVID-19, it's essential to contact your veterinarian immediately for advice.
The good news is that there is no evidence to suggest that domestic pets can spread COVID-19 to people or other animals through aerosol or droplet transmission. However, it's still crucial to practice good hygiene and avoid close contact with your pet if you're feeling unwell.
Sars-CoV-2 Transmission in Animals
People can spread SARS-CoV-2 to animals, especially during close contact. This has been documented worldwide, with various animals becoming infected after contact with people with COVID-19.
Companion animals, such as pet cats, dogs, hamsters, and ferrets, can get infected. Animals in zoos and sanctuaries, including big cats, otters, and non-human primates, have also been infected.
Domestic animals do not get COVID-19 like humans do, but under natural conditions, pet cats may become infected with SARS-CoV-2 after close and prolonged contact with an infected person.
The risk of your family dog catching COVID from you remains low, according to veterinarians. Human-to-dog transmission is possible but very rare.
Some animals with SARS-CoV-2 may have signs of illness, while others may not. If your animal is having difficulty breathing and/or has some of the following signs, contact your veterinarian immediately: fever, coughing, difficulty breathing/shortness of breath, lethargy, sneezing, discharge from the nose or eyes, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Here are some ways to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19 to your animals:
- Restrict contact with pets and other animals.
- Have an unaffected member of your household or business take care of feeding and caring for any animals.
- If you have a service animal or must care for your animals, wear a mask and wash your hands before and after any contact with them.
Note that there is no reason to remove pets from homes, even if someone in your home has COVID-19, unless there is a risk that the pet itself will not be able to be cared for appropriately.
Canine Coronavirus vs. Canine Distemper
Canine coronavirus is a highly contagious virus among dogs, causing diarrhea, vomiting, and lethargy.
There are two primary forms of canine coronavirus: Respiratory Canine Coronavirus (CRCoV) and Enteric Canine Coronavirus (CCoV).
CRCoV causes coughing, sneezing, and nasal discharge, and can play a role in kennel cough.
Canine distemper, on the other hand, is a viral disease that affects dogs and can cause symptoms like fever, cough, and seizures.
Unlike canine coronavirus, canine distemper is not caused by a coronavirus, but by the canine distemper virus.
It's essential to note that both canine coronavirus and canine distemper can have severe consequences if left untreated, so prompt veterinary care is crucial.
For your interest: Can Dogs Get Kennel Cough at Home
Frequently Asked Questions
How to tell if your dog has COVID?
Common symptoms of COVID-19 in dogs include fever, coughing, difficulty breathing, and lethargy. If you suspect your dog is showing these signs, consult a veterinarian immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment
Can I pass COVID to my cat?
Yes, you can pass COVID-19 to your cat through close contact, especially if you have the virus. Keep your cat safe by taking precautions and learning more about COVID-19 transmission to pets.
Can my cat catch COVID?
Yes, cats can catch COVID-19 from their owners, especially during close contact. Learn more about COVID-19 transmission to pets and how to protect your feline friend
Should I avoid my pets if I have Covid?
Yes, if you have COVID-19, it's best to avoid your pets to minimize the risk of transmission. Consult your veterinarian for guidance on caring for your pet if you suspect they may have been exposed.
Sources
- Confirmation of COVID-19 in Pet Dog in New York (usda.gov)
- Texas A&M Research Uncovers First Known COVID-19 UK Variant In Animals (tamu.edu)
- SARS-CoV-2 in animals (avma.org)
- Share on Twitter (twitter.com)
- Share on Facebook (facebook.com)
- COVID data tracking dashboard (csh.ac.at)
- reverse zoonosis disease transmission (nih.gov)
- Coronavirus (who.int)
- Enteric Canine Coronavirus (merck-animal-health-usa.com)
- Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences (tamu.edu)
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