Can Dogs Catch Stomach Bugs and What You Need to Know

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Posted Oct 24, 2024

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A Veterinarian Checking a Sick Dog Using a Stethoscope
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Dogs can catch stomach bugs from their owners, but it's not always a guarantee. According to studies, dogs can contract gastrointestinal viruses and bacteria from their human family members.

If you're wondering how this happens, it's often through close contact, like sharing food or surfaces. Dogs can also pick up the bacteria or viruses by touching contaminated surfaces and then licking their fur or paws.

The most common way dogs get stomach bugs is from their owners, who may unknowingly carry the virus or bacteria.

If this caught your attention, see: Can Dogs Catch Human Stomach Viruses

What is a Stomach Bug in Dogs?

A stomach bug in dogs is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, causing symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal discomfort. These symptoms can be caused by various factors, not just viruses.

In dogs, gastroenteritis can range from mild to severe, lasting anywhere from one to several days. If your dog has bloody diarrhea or vomit, seek immediate veterinary attention.

Gastroenteritis is often referred to as a stomach upset, and its severity can vary, but it's essential to keep an eye on your dog's symptoms and seek help if they worsen or persist.

What Is?

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Gastroenteritis, also known as a stomach upset, is inflammation of the stomach and intestines. This can be caused by various factors, including viruses, which make up a small portion of the causes of vomiting and diarrhea in dogs.

The classic symptoms of gastroenteritis include vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, and a loss of appetite. These symptoms can range in severity, from mild to severe, lasting anywhere from a day or two to several days.

Gastroenteritis can be categorized as either acute or chronic, with acute cases occurring suddenly and chronic cases taking weeks or even months to develop. The main treatment goals for gastroenteritis are to stop the diarrhea and vomiting, restore hydration, and restore the proper balance of electrolytes.

Restoring hydration and electrolyte balance is crucial to help your dog recover from gastroenteritis. Various medications are available to address these treatment goals, but it's essential to consult with a veterinarian to determine the best course of treatment for your furry friend.

What Is in?

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Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of a dog's stomach and small intestine.

It's often referred to as an upset stomach, but the possible causes go beyond a viral infection.

If your dog has bloody diarrhea or vomit, you should go to the emergency vet immediately, as these are signs of acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS).

Causes of Stomach Bugs in Dogs

Dogs can catch stomach bugs from a variety of sources, including bacteria like Campylobacter and viruses like parvovirus. These infections can cause acute gastroenteritis, which typically appears suddenly and resolves after a few days or weeks.

Some common causes of gastroenteritis in dogs include sudden changes in diet, worms and other parasites, and ingesting inappropriate substances. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and food allergies can also lead to chronic gastroenteritis, which can persist for weeks, months, or even years.

Here are some possible causes of gastroenteritis in dogs:

  • Dietary indiscretion (e.g., eating spoiled food)
  • Intestinal parasites
  • Food allergy or sensitivity
  • Gastrointestinal cancer
  • Gastrointestinal ulcers
  • Viruses
  • Intestinal obstruction
  • Foreign body
  • Systemic diseases, such as kidney disease
  • Endocrine diseases, such as diabetes
  • Ingestion of toxins

Raw diets, in particular, can be a common cause of gastroenteritis in dogs due to the risk of bacterial and viral contamination.

Salmonella

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Salmonella is a common bacteria that can cause gastroenteritis in dogs. It's naturally present in many foods and animals, and can be found in your dog's saliva, feces, and even on their bowls and bedding.

Good hygiene protocols and frequent hand washing can help prevent the transmission of salmonella. This is especially important if you have a dog that's a carrier of the bacteria, even if they're not showing any symptoms.

If you pick up a salmonella infection from your dog, you might experience fever, diarrhea, cramps, and general sickness. It's a good idea to take precautions when handling your dog's waste or coming into contact with their bodily fluids.

Some common sources of salmonella in dogs include undercooked food, contaminated food, and even raw diets. If your dog is on a raw diet and develops gastroenteritis, it's possible that the diet is the culprit.

Here are some common bacteria associated with raw diets that can cause gastroenteritis in dogs:

  • Salmonella
  • E. coli
  • Campylobacter
  • Listeria
  • Toxoplasma gondii

Causes

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Gastroenteritis in dogs can be caused by a variety of factors. Some common causes include dietary indiscretion and parasites.

Bacteria, such as Campylobacter, and viruses, like parvovirus, are also known to cause gastroenteritis in dogs. Ingesting inappropriate substances, like toxins, poisons, or items that may cause a blockage, can also lead to the condition.

A sudden change in diet can also trigger gastroenteritis in dogs. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and food allergies are other possible causes of the condition.

Some causes of gastroenteritis, such as infections or sudden changes in diet, can lead to acute gastroenteritis, which typically resolves within a few days or weeks. However, chronic gastroenteritis can persist for weeks, months, or even years, with symptoms that can come and go.

Here are some possible causes of gastroenteritis in dogs:

  • Bacteria, such as Campylobacter
  • Viruses, like parvovirus
  • Sudden change in diet
  • Worms and other parasites, such as Giardia
  • Ingesting inappropriate substances
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
  • Food allergies
  • Organ disease (e.g., kidney or liver disease)

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Dogs can catch stomach bugs, and it's essential to recognize the symptoms to ensure their health and well-being.

Diarrhea is a common symptom of gastroenteritis in dogs, ranging from loose stools to watery bowel movements. Vomiting, reduced appetite, lethargy, and abdominal pain are also common symptoms.

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Gastroenteritis can cause dogs to lose a large volume of body fluids and electrolytes, leading to dehydration. Dehydration can be tested by gently lifting the skin on the back of your dog's neck or by pressing on their gums.

Here are some signs of dehydration in dogs:

  • Panting
  • Dry nose and eyes
  • Dry, pasty gums and thick saliva
  • Loss of appetite
  • Loss of skin elasticity

If you suspect your dog is dehydrated or showing symptoms of gastroenteritis, it's crucial to contact your vet or take them to the emergency vet immediately.

Symptoms

Diarrhea is a common symptom of gastroenteritis in dogs, ranging from loose stools to watery bowel movements.

Vomiting, or retching, can also occur, and may be accompanied by blood or mucus in the stool.

Reduced appetite or a complete loss of appetite is another symptom, which can lead to weight loss if not addressed.

Lethargy, or low energy, is a common sign of gastroenteritis in dogs, making them less active than usual.

A painful abdomen, or tummy, can cause your dog to yelp or growl when touched or picked up, and may lead them to assume a praying position.

A Person and Dogs Wearing Raincoat Playing on the Park
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If your dog's stool or vomit contains a significant amount of blood, it's essential to contact your vet, as it may indicate a more severe form of gastroenteritis.

Here are the common symptoms of gastroenteritis in dogs:

  • Sudden onset of bloody diarrhea with no known cause
  • Vomiting, with or without blood
  • Lethargy (moving slowly, sluggish)

To check for dehydration, gently lift the skin on the back of your dog's neck. If it stays raised and doesn't go back to place quickly, your dog is probably dehydrated.

Other signs of dehydration include panting, dry nose and eyes, dry, pasty gums, and loss of skin elasticity.

Diagnosing

Diagnosing gastroenteritis in dogs requires a thorough examination and diagnostic tests. Your veterinarian will ask you questions about your dog's symptoms, diet, and health history to help narrow down the possible causes.

They'll want to know what your dog has eaten in the past 48 hours, if they've eaten anything unusual or spoiled, and when the diarrhea started. Your vet will also ask about any chronic illnesses, such as diabetes.

Man in Blue Scrub Suit Checking Up a Dog
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Your veterinarian will examine your dog from head to toe, paying close attention to their abdomen and checking for signs of dehydration. They'll be looking for any physical signs that might indicate the cause of the symptoms.

Blood work, urinalysis, and a fecal exam are just a few of the diagnostic tests your veterinarian may run to get a better idea of what's going on. They may also use an abdominal X-ray or ultrasound to visualize the inside of your dog's abdomen.

Here are some of the diagnostic tests your veterinarian may use to diagnose gastroenteritis:

  • Blood work
  • Urinalysis
  • Fecal exam (to check for intestinal parasites)
  • Abdominal X-ray
  • Abdominal ultrasound

If your dog is showing severe symptoms, such as bloody diarrhea or vomiting, you should take them to the emergency veterinary clinic right away.

When to Contact Your Vet

If your dog has mild symptoms of gastroenteritis, they might improve within one to two days. However, it's essential to keep an eye on them and be prepared to seek veterinary help if their condition worsens.

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Constant vomiting is a clear sign that your dog needs to see a vet. Very watery diarrhoea can also indicate a more serious issue.

Blood in their vomit or stool is a definite red flag. If your dog appears unwell, it's better to err on the side of caution and consult a vet.

If your dog stops eating and/or drinking, it's a sign that they need immediate attention. Their symptoms haven't improved within 24 hours, it's time to contact your vet.

If your dog is very young or old, they may be more susceptible to complications from gastroenteritis. If they have another underlying illness, it's crucial to monitor their condition closely and seek veterinary help if necessary.

Here are some key signs that indicate your dog needs to see a vet:

  • Constant vomiting.
  • Very watery diarrhoea.
  • Blood in their vomit or stool.
  • Appears unwell.
  • Stops eating and/or drinking.
  • If their symptoms haven't improved within 24 hours.
  • If they are very young or old.
  • If they have another underlying illness.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does a stomach bug last in dogs?

Gastroenteritis in dogs typically clears up within a few days to a week with proper treatment. If symptoms persist or worsen, seek veterinary attention immediately.

What are symptoms of norovirus in dogs?

Common symptoms of norovirus in dogs include vomiting and diarrhea, often caused by ingesting contaminated feces or food

Lorraine Stehr

Writer

Lorraine Stehr is a seasoned writer with a passion for storytelling. She has honed her craft through years of writing engaging articles that transport readers to new and exciting worlds. With a keen eye for detail and a talent for weaving words into compelling narratives, Lorraine has established herself as a respected voice in the industry.

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