Resource guarding in dogs can be a challenging behavior to overcome, but it's not impossible. The good news is that with patience, consistency, and the right approach, you can help your dog learn to share.
Research suggests that resource guarding is often a learned behavior, not a natural one. In fact, studies have shown that dogs who are exposed to resource guarding early on are more likely to develop the behavior themselves.
Resource guarding can manifest in different ways, from growling and snapping to blocking access to a resource. The key is to identify the triggers and address them accordingly.
With positive reinforcement training, you can teach your dog to associate sharing with rewards and praise.
What Is?
Resource guarding is a behavior where a dog attempts to assert their ownership over something, such as toys, beds, treats, or even a favorite human.
This behavior can manifest in various ways, like standing rigid over a toy or staring down another dog who comes close.
Causes and Prevention
Resource guarding is often rooted in anxiety, with dogs guarding food because they've had to forage for every meal in the past. This drive to protect resources can persist even in a new home with a secure food source.
Training can also contribute to resource guarding, especially if owners take a puppy's food or toy away mid-meal or playtime, leading the dog to believe that a human approaching the food bowl or toy means it will disappear.
Dogs who are happy in a particular context, like having someone approach their treasure, are less likely to act aggressively. You can teach your dog to associate the approach of a person with treats by tossing a good treat into their bowl or near their treasure.
What Causes?
Resource guarding, or food aggression, can be caused by anxiety in dogs. This anxiety can stem from a dog's past experiences, such as having to forage for every meal on the streets.
Some owners may unintentionally contribute to resource guarding by taking a puppy's food or toy away as the dog is settling in to enjoy it, which can lead a dog to think that a human approaching the food bowl mid-meal means the food will disappear.
Former street dogs often guard food because they've gone through a period where they had to fight for every meal, and this drive to protect resources can continue even in a new home with a secure food source.
Resource guarding can occur in puppies as young as they learn to navigate their world.
How to Prevent
Preventing resource guarding in dogs is crucial to avoid aggressive behavior. You can start by teaching your dog to be happy when someone approaches or reaches for their treasure.
To create a positive emotional reaction, associate the approach of a person with treats. Walk toward your dog and toss a really good treat into the bowl or near their treasure.
It's essential to do this quickly, within a few seconds at most, to avoid irritating your dog. One or two sessions per day is a good starting point, as frequent interruptions can be frustrating.
Managing situations to avoid opportunities for resource guarding is also vital. Be vigilant about removing and hiding items that your dog is likely to take and guard.
Everyone in the family must avoid approaching or challenging the dog when they have food or a chew toy, or any other items that trigger their resource guarding behavior. This includes staying at least 6 to 8 feet away from the dog when they're eating.
Recognizing and Understanding
Resource guarding is a normal part of dog behavior, and it's essential to learn the signs so you can intervene early.
Dogs often guard food, toys, beds, and even other dogs or people. You might notice your dog becoming hyper-aware of another dog's presence, especially during meals.
Signs of resource guarding include growling, ears pointed backward, lip-licking, and a sudden stiffness in the body. These behaviors can escalate to more aggressive behavior, including air snaps or bites.
Here are some common signs of resource guarding in dogs:
- Growling
- Ears pointed backward
- Lip-licking
- A sudden and obvious stiffness in the body
- Hyper-fixation on an object, dog or human
- Increased attentiveness to other dogs
It's not just about the severity of the behavior; even mild forms of resource guarding can be a sign of a deeper issue. By recognizing the signs early, you can take steps to prevent it from escalating.
What's in Dogs?
Resource guarding in dogs is a normal part of their behavior. It's not uncommon for dogs to become possessive about their food, toys, and even people.
Some dogs will display obvious signs of resource guarding, such as growling, tooth displaying, and stiffening. Others may be more subtle, like turning their body to shield their treasure or giving a warning look.
Dogs commonly guard food, toys, treats, bones, rawhides, beds, and even other dogs or people. It's not just about food and toys, either - possession can extend to nesting spots and even human companionship.
Resource guarding can be mild or severe, but it's not something to be taken lightly. It's essential to understand that resource guarding is a natural behavior in dogs, and it's not a sign of aggression or anger.
Fortunately, there are ways to prevent resource guarding in dogs, and behavior modification plans can be effective in improving their behavior. With patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement, you can help your dog feel more comfortable and confident around their resources.
How to Recognize
Recognizing the signs of resource guarding in dogs is crucial to prevent it from escalating into more aggressive behavior. Growling, ears pointed backward, lip-licking, and a sudden stiffness in the body are all signs that your dog is anxious around food, toys, or other valuable items.
If your dog is staring fixedly at another dog during dinnertime and doesn't look away, they might be worried that they're going to make a move for their meal. This is a common sign of resource guarding in dogs.
Some common behaviors that are signs of resource guarding include:
- Intently watching others
- Stiffening of the body
- Putting a paw on the treasure
- Taking the object further away or into another room
- Hovering over the object
- Shielding the item from view
- Frantically and quickly eating the item (if edible) when anyone approaches
- Staring
- Growling
- Tooth displaying
- Snapping
- Biting
Any behavior that a dog uses to keep something of value rather than lose it to someone else is resource guarding behavior. It's not just about growling or biting, but also about body language and posture.
Dogs who are prone to resource guarding may stiffen their body over an item, display a hard stare, show "whale eye" (when dogs show the whites of their eyes), or lift their lips. These signs can be subtle, but they're important to recognize to prevent the behavior from escalating.
Food Aggression and Stealing
Food aggression and stealing are common forms of resource guarding in dogs. Consistently providing ample resources is a good first step in addressing this behavior.
To avoid resource guarding between dogs, make sure you have enough toys, beds, treats, and food to go around. For example, if you adopt a second dog and buy them a new bed, your first dog will probably want to hang out on the fluffy new bed.
Signs of resource guarding in dogs can be subtle, but common behaviors include intently watching others, stiffening of the body, and putting a paw on the treasure. These behaviors can escalate to more aggressive actions like growling, tooth displaying, snapping, and biting.
To stop resource guarding in dogs, teach them to associate a human's presence with something good happening. Try dropping tasty treats into the bowl while your pup is eating. You can also use positive reinforcement to encourage good behavior by rewarding your dog for calm behavior around their food and belongings.
Here are some tips to help you address food aggression and stealing:
- Remove problem items, such as a specific toy that triggers possessiveness.
- Sequester dogs in different rooms during mealtimes to prevent food aggression.
- Consistently reward good behavior and never punish dogs for "bad" behavior.
- Work to build your dog's confidence by exposing them to new situations, people, and animals.
Preventing Dog from Stealing
Consistently providing ample resources is a good first step to prevent resource guarding, which can lead to stealing. Always provide sufficient and equitable resources, such as toys, beds, treats, and food, to avoid resource guarding between dogs.
If you adopt a second dog, make sure to buy them a new bed, but also provide an extra bed for the first dog to prevent resource guarding. You can also use positive reinforcement to encourage good behavior, such as dropping tasty treats into the bowl while your pup is eating.
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To teach "give" and "leave it" cues, pair the action (the dog giving something up) with a reward (a treat), and always offer a trade if you need to take something away. This will help your dog learn that when humans approach, they don't have to protect their belongings.
Here are some tips to prevent resource guarding from developing:
- Tether your dog to a heavy and durable object and stay 6-8 feet away while tossing food in their general direction.
- Gradually increase your proximity while tossing food, but stop if your dog gives warning signals like stiffening the body or a raised lip.
- Use a strong drop cue and help your dog see the arrival of the person as a good thing, not a threat to lose something.
Remember, preventing resource guarding takes time and patience. Stay vigilant in new situations, and create a neutral environment free of items that might cause tension.
Food Aggression in Dogs
Food aggression in dogs can be a serious issue, but it's often preventable with the right approach. Consistently providing ample resources, including toys, beds, treats, and food, can help avoid resource guarding between dogs.
To prevent resource guarding, it's essential to provide enough resources for all dogs in the household. This means having multiple beds, toys, and treats to go around. If you adopt a new dog and buy them a new bed, your existing dog may want to hang out on the new bed too.
For your interest: Dog Training Resources
Positive reinforcement is key in teaching good behavior. Try dropping tasty treats into your pup's bowl while they're eating, so they associate a human approaching their bowl with something good happening. If you struggle with training, consider searching for a qualified dog trainer.
Removing problem items can help prevent resource guarding. If your dog is possessive about a specific toy, simply take it out of the house. Sequestering dogs in different rooms during mealtimes can also prevent food aggression.
Here are some common signs of resource guarding in dogs:
- Intently watching others
- Stiffening of the body
- Putting a paw on the treasure
- Taking the object further away or into another room
- Hovering over the object
- Shielding the item from view
- Frantically and quickly eating the item (if edible) when anyone approaches
- Staring
- Growling
- Tooth displaying
- Snapping
- Biting
By being aware of these signs and taking steps to prevent resource guarding, you can help your dog feel more secure and reduce the risk of aggressive behavior.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do dogs ever outgrow resource guarding?
Dogs do not outgrow resource guarding, but rather develop it over time. Practice preventive measures to help your dog avoid this behavior.
Sources
- Resource guarding in dogs (humanesociety.org)
- Resource Guarding in Dogs: How to Deal With ... (akc.org)
- How to Get Your Dog to Stop Resource Guarding Their Stuff (thewildest.com)
- An Easy Way to Stop Resource Guarding in Dogs (doggoneproblems.com)
- Dealing with resource guarding (battersea.org.uk)
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