Understanding Dalmatian Dogs Health Problems and Prevention

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Posted Nov 1, 2024

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Five dalmatian puppies sitting on a chair
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Dalmatian dogs are prone to several health problems, including deafness and urinary stones.

Deafness is a common issue in Dalmatians, with up to 30% of the breed affected.

Urinary stones are another concern, with Dalmatians being more susceptible to developing them due to their genetic predisposition.

Regular veterinary check-ups can help identify these issues early on.

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Common Health Issues

Dalmatians can be prone to certain health issues, and it's essential to be aware of them to provide the best care for your furry friend.

Brushing your dog's teeth daily is crucial to prevent periodontal disease, which can lead to more severe health problems.

Many diseases and health conditions are genetic, meaning they're related to your pet's breed. As a Dalmatian owner, it's essential to know that your dog is more at risk than others for certain conditions.

Some common health issues in Dalmatians include skin problems and allergies, which can be caused or triggered by environmental and dietary changes. Airborne allergens, such as mold and pollen, can also cause serious skin reactions and respiratory issues.

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Here are some common eye problems that can affect Dalmatians:

  • Glaucoma: an extremely painful disease that rapidly leads to blindness if left untreated.
  • Cataracts: a common cause of blindness in older Dalmatians.
  • Entropion: a condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea.
  • Dermoids: a growth of normal tissue on the surface of the eyeball.

Regular vet appointments and a dog DNA test can help identify potential health issues early on, allowing for timely treatment and prevention.

Eye Problems

Dalmatians are prone to a number of eye conditions that can cause blindness if left untreated. Glaucoma is an extremely painful disease that rapidly leads to blindness if left untreated, and symptoms include squinting, watery eyes, bluing of the cornea, and redness in the whites of the eyes.

Glaucoma is a medical emergency, and if you see symptoms, don't wait to call your veterinarian, go to an emergency clinic right away. Pain is rarely noticed by pet owners, but it's frequently there and can be severe.

Cataracts are a common cause of blindness in older Dalmatians, and they can be identified by cloudy lenses in the eyes. Many dogs adjust well to losing their vision and get along just fine.

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Entropion is a condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea, which is extremely irritating and painful. It can happen in any dog breed, but Dalmatians are especially at risk for this heritable disorder.

Dermoids are abnormal skin growths that can occur on the surface of a dog's eyeball, and they're more common in Dalmatians than other breeds. If the misplaced tissue isn't hurting anything, and your dog is ignoring it, you can probably leave it alone.

Here's a list of common eye conditions that affect Dalmatians:

  • Glaucoma: an extremely painful disease that rapidly leads to blindness if left untreated.
  • Cataracts: a common cause of blindness in older Dalmatians.
  • Entropion: a condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea.
  • Dermoids: abnormal skin growths that can occur on the surface of a dog's eyeball.

Infections

Dalmatians are susceptible to bacterial and viral infections, the same ones that all dogs can get.

Parvo, rabies, and distemper are common infections that can affect Dalmatians.

Many of these infections are preventable through vaccination.

We will recommend a vaccination plan based on the diseases we see in our area, her age, and other factors.

Preventing infections is key to keeping your Dalmatian healthy and happy.

Your Health

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You care about your dog's health, and that's great! Many diseases and health conditions are genetic, meaning they are related to your pet's breed.

Dalmatians are more at risk for certain health issues due to their breed, but that doesn't mean your dog will definitely have them. It's essential to know what to watch for and take preventive measures.

Brushing your dog's teeth daily can prevent periodontal disease, which is a common issue in Dalmatians.

Health Issues

Dalmatians are prone to various health issues, and being aware of them can help you provide the best care for your furry friend. Many diseases and health conditions are genetic, meaning they're related to your pet's breed.

Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor your Dalmatian's health and catch any potential issues early on. A dog DNA test can also help screen for many health conditions your dog is predisposed to. Pet insurance is a good investment for those looking to bring home a Dalmatian puppy.

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Dalmatians are susceptible to skin problems and allergies, which can be caused or triggered by environmental and dietary changes. Airborne allergens, such as mold and pollen, can cause serious skin reactions and respiratory issues. Vets may need to carry out repeated skin tests to rule out the cause of allergies.

Some common eye problems in Dalmatians include glaucoma, cataracts, and entropion. Glaucoma is an extremely painful disease that rapidly leads to blindness if left untreated. Cataracts are a common cause of blindness in older Dalmatians, and surgery to remove cataracts and restore sight may be an option.

Infections, such as parvo, rabies, and distemper, are also a concern for Dalmatians. Many of these infections are preventable through vaccination, which we will recommend based on the diseases we see in our area, her age, and other factors.

Here are some key health issues to watch out for in Dalmatians:

  • Glaucoma: a painful disease that rapidly leads to blindness if left untreated
  • Cataracts: a common cause of blindness in older Dalmatians
  • Entropion: a condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea
  • Parvo, rabies, and distemper: infections that can be prevented through vaccination

Brushing your dog's teeth daily can also help prevent periodontal disease. By being aware of these potential health issues and taking preventative measures, you can help keep your Dalmatian happy and healthy for years to come.

Genetic and Congenital Disorders

Man Training Dalmatian to Fetch in Swimming Pool
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Dalmatian dogs are prone to certain genetic and congenital disorders that can affect their health and well-being.

Dental abnormalities are relatively common in Dalmatians, especially in purebred dogs. They can be caused by genetic factors and can lead to issues like misaligned teeth, overbites, or underbites.

Some Dalmatians may be born with teeth abnormalities, such as oligodontia, where only a few teeth are present. In some cases, these issues can be corrected with braces or extractions.

Dalmatians can also be afflicted with primary idiopathic epilepsy, a condition that is often inherited and can cause seizures. If your Dalmatian is prone to seizures, they may begin between six months and three years of age, and lifelong medication may be necessary to control them.

Hyperuricemia

Hyperuricemia is a condition that affects the blood, causing a build-up of uric acid in Dalmatians, leading to the formation of stones in their urinary tracts.

This build-up is much higher in Dalmatians than in other breeds, making them prone to kidney stones.

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Dalmatians are also at risk of liver issues, specifically the inability to break down uric acid, which can lead to gout and kidney stones.

Males aged 9 years and older are primarily affected by these conditions.

A combination of a diet low in purines and plenty of water can help reduce the risk of developing this condition.

Regular veterinary check-ups and medication can help control the condition.

Managing Congenital Disorders

Living with a Dalmatian means being aware of their potential genetic predispositions.

Dental abnormalities are common in Dalmatians, often caused by genetics. They can lead to issues like misaligned teeth that may require correction with braces or extractions.

Teeth abnormalities can be caused by genetics, and Dalmatians are prone to overbites, underbites, and oligodontia. These conditions can be corrected with dental work.

If your Dalmatian is prone to seizures, they usually start between six months and three years of age. This is often an inherited condition, and primary epilepsy is commonly found in Dalmatians.

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Seizures in dogs can be caused by metabolic problems, brain tumors, or trauma. If your dog has a seizure, carefully prevent them from injuring themselves, but don't try to control their mouth or tongue.

Copper Hepatopathy is a liver disorder that can affect Dalmatians, causing toxic levels of copper to build up in their liver. This can lead to liver failure if not treated early, and affected dogs usually show symptoms by two to four years of age.

Regular check-ups and monitoring can help identify potential issues early on, allowing for timely treatment and management of congenital disorders.

Bronzing Syndrome

Bronzing Syndrome is a skin condition that affects Dalmatians, causing pink or bronze coloration in their coat. This condition is also known as "Dal crud".

Dalmatians with bronzing syndrome will experience hair loss, crusty skin patches, and inflammation of the hair follicles. They may also develop skin lesions.

Managing bronzing syndrome requires a multi-faceted approach. Your dog may need antibiotics, special shampoo, medication, and/or dietary changes to alleviate symptoms.

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Heart and Joint Issues

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Dalmatians are prone to a life-threatening heart condition called dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM. This condition causes the heart to become large, thin, and weak, making it hard to pump blood to the body.

As a Dalmatian owner, it's essential to keep an eye out for signs of DCM, such as acting weak or tired, fainting, or breathing in a labored way. Regular yearly electrical heart screenings (ECG) and/or echocardiograms starting at age one can help detect abnormal heart rhythms early.

To prevent joint problems, it's crucial to stick to a recommended growth rate of no more than four pounds per week for your Dalmatian puppy. Overfeeding and supplementing with additional calcium can lead to osteochondritis dissecans, or OCD, which may require surgery to fix.

Laryngeal Paralysis

Laryngeal Paralysis is a condition that can affect older Dalmatians, where the vocal cords become paralyzed and hang down into the airway. This can lead to noisy breathing, especially when exercising or in hot, humid weather.

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Older Dalmatians may develop this disease, which can be a serious concern. In severe cases, a pet can collapse and have difficulty breathing.

Watch for noisy breathing, a common symptom of Laryngeal Paralysis. This can be a warning sign that the condition is becoming more serious.

Mild cases can be managed with changes at home and possibly medication. It's essential to bring your Dalmatian in right away if you notice signs of this problem to prevent it from becoming a surgical emergency.

In severe cases, a pet can collapse and have difficulty breathing. This is a serious situation that requires immediate veterinary attention.

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Joint

Dalmatian puppies grow too quickly, which can lead to joint problems. This is because the cartilage in their joints may not attach to the bone properly, a condition known as osteochondritis dissecans or OCD.

Surgery may be required to fix this problem if it occurs. To avoid this, it's best to stick to a recommended growth rate of no more than four pounds per week.

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Don't overfeed your Dalmatian puppy, and don't supplement with additional calcium. Instead, feed a large-breed puppy diet rather than an adult or regular puppy diet. Weigh your puppy every three to four weeks to ensure they're on track.

Feeding the right food can make a big difference in your puppy's joint health. A large-breed puppy diet is specifically designed to support healthy growth and development, which can reduce the risk of joint problems.

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Heart

Dalmatians are especially prone to a life-threatening heart condition known as dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, in which the heart becomes so large, thin, and weak that it can no longer effectively pump blood to the body.

As this problem advances, your pet may act weak or tired, faint or collapse, breathe in a labored way, or cough.

A yearly electrical heart screening (ECG) and/or an echocardiogram is recommended starting at age one to look for abnormal heart rhythms early.

If your Dalmatian is found to have abnormal heart rhythms, treatment includes medication and may also recommend dietary supplementation.

Regular screenings can help catch any issues early on, so be sure to stay on top of your pet's check-ups.

Skin and Coat Care

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Dalmatians are prone to skin problems, including sebaceous adenitis, which causes dry, scaly skin with patches of hair loss. This condition typically appears between one and five years of age.

Treatment for sebaceous adenitis is long-term and may involve a combination of approaches, including fatty acid supplements and special shampoos. Early detection is key for a better outcome.

Dalmatian Bronzing Syndrome, also known as "Dal Crud", is another skin condition that affects the breed. It causes a broad stripe of pink or bronze coloration along the topline, with patchy hair loss and inflammation of the hair follicles.

A skin biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis of Dalmatian Bronzing Syndrome. If affected, your dog may experience periodic skin infections, which can be managed with antibiotics and special shampoo.

To keep your Dalmatian's skin and coat healthy, brush their coat at least weekly, and clean their ears weekly, even as a puppy. This will help prevent infections and keep their coat looking its best.

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Skin Conditions

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Dalmatians are prone to a variety of skin problems, including sebaceous adenitis, which causes dry, scaly skin with patches of hair loss along the top of the head, back of the neck, and back.

Early treatment is crucial, as the response to treatment is highly variable. A combination of approaches, including fatty acid supplements and special shampoos, may be necessary to determine what is most effective for your dog.

Dalmatian Bronzing Syndrome, also known as "Dal Crud", is another inherited disease that causes a broad stripe of pink or bronze coloration along the whole topline of the dog, with patchy hair loss and inflammation of the hair follicles.

A skin biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis, and affected dogs may develop periodic skin infections, which can be managed with antibiotics and special shampoo.

Common signs of allergies in Dalmatians include licking the paws, rubbing the face, and frequent ear infections. Symptoms typically start between the ages of one and three and can get worse every year.

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Here are some common skin conditions that can affect Dalmatians:

  • Sebaceous adenitis: causes dry, scaly skin with patches of hair loss
  • Dalmatian Bronzing Syndrome: causes a broad stripe of pink or bronze coloration along the whole topline of the dog
  • Atopy: a skin allergy that causes itching and skin irritation
  • Demodex: a microscopic mite that can cause dry, irritated, hairless lesions

Ear Care

Ear Care is crucial for Dalmatians, and it's not just about cleaning their ears. Regular ear cleaning is essential, especially after baths and swimming sessions, as Dalmatians are prone to ear infections.

You should check your Dalmatian's ears regularly for signs of infection, including redness, odor, pain, shaking the head, excessive scratching, head tilt, and discharge.

Here are some common signs of ear infections in Dalmatians:

  • Redness
  • Odor
  • Pain
  • Shaking the head
  • Excessive scratching
  • Head tilt
  • Discharge

Remember, Dalmatians can be sound sensitive, so be prepared for thunderstorms, New Year's Eve, and The Fourth of July, which may cause them discomfort and potentially lead to ear problems.

Home Care

Taking care of your Dalmatian's skin and coat is crucial for their overall health and happiness. Brushing their coat regularly is a must, at least weekly, to prevent matting and tangling.

You can also help prevent skin problems by keeping their diet consistent and avoiding people food. A high-quality diet appropriate for their age is essential for maintaining healthy skin and coat.

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To keep your Dalmatian's coat looking its best, follow this simple routine:

  • Brush their coat at least weekly
  • Feed a high-quality diet appropriate for their age
  • Avoid giving them people food

Regular grooming also helps to prevent dental disease, which is a common problem in Dalmatians. Brushing their teeth regularly, at least twice a week, will help keep their teeth and gums healthy.

What to Feed

Dalmatian dogs have specific dietary needs to stay healthy. They should eat a dog food approved by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) for their age group.

To help them stay at an appropriate weight, Dalmatians need to eat a dog food that meets the AAFCO standards. This will ensure they get the right balance of nutrients.

If you're considering Dalmatian adoption, be aware that they may need a low-purine diet to prevent bladder stones. This diet restricts liver, beef, and kidney, which are high in purine.

Dalmatians can develop bladder stones due to high purine levels in their diet. A low-purine diet can help prevent this.

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The exact amount of food to feed a Dalmatian depends on her weight. Follow the instructions on the dog food's label to determine the right amount.

Here's a rough guide to the daily feeding amounts for Dalmatians based on their weight:

Keep in mind that these are general guidelines and may vary depending on the specific dog food and the individual Dalmatian's needs.

Because Dalmatians have high levels of uric acid, they should not be fed table scraps. Commercial dog foods are typically fine for them.

Dalmatians have specific dietary needs, and it's essential to provide them with a high-quality diet that meets their nutritional requirements.

Spay or Neuter

Spaying or neutering your Dalmatian is one of the best things you can do for her health.

This surgery reduces the likelihood of certain types of cancers in Dalmatians. Spaying or neutering eliminates the possibility of your pet becoming pregnant or fathering unwanted puppies.

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Performing this surgery also gives your veterinarian a chance to identify and address other diseases your dog is likely to develop. Routine blood testing prior to surgery helps identify common problems that increase anesthetic or surgical risk.

If your Dalmatian needs hip X-rays or a puppy tooth extracted, having the surgery at the same time is a convenient option. It's also easier on you and your pet's friend.

Preventative Care

To keep your Dalmatian happy and healthy, regular care is essential. Brush her coat at least weekly, as she has low grooming needs.

Dalmatians generally have good teeth, so brushing them at least twice a week will keep them perfect. Clean her ears weekly, even as a puppy, to prevent infections.

Here's a quick rundown of what you can do to keep your Dalmatian's routine care on track:

  • Supervise your pet as you would a toddler, keeping doors closed and picking up after yourself.
  • Keep her diet consistent and don't give her people food.
  • Feed a high-quality diet appropriate for her age.
  • Exercise your dog regularly, but don't overdo it at first.

Remember, a proper diet and exercise routine are crucial for your Dalmatian's overall health.

At Home Care

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Taking care of your Dalmatian at home is crucial for their happiness and health. Regular veterinary check-ups are a must, as recommended by your vet.

You should watch your Dalmatian's diet closely, making sure they get plenty of exercise and regular grooming. Brush their teeth and coat at least twice a week to keep them perfect.

It's essential to supervise your pet as you would a toddler, keeping doors closed and picking up after yourself. This will keep them out of trouble and away from objects they shouldn't put in their mouth.

Dalmatians have low grooming needs, requiring only a weekly coat brushing. They also need their ears cleaned weekly, even as a puppy.

A consistent and high-quality diet is vital for your Dalmatian's health. Feed them a diet appropriate for their age, and avoid giving them people food.

Here's a quick rundown of your Dalmatian's care needs:

  • Supervise your pet as you would a toddler
  • Brush their coat weekly
  • Brush their teeth at least twice a week
  • Clean their ears weekly
  • Keep their diet consistent and high-quality
  • Exercise them regularly, but not too much at first

By following these simple steps, you'll be well on your way to keeping your Dalmatian happy and healthy.

Early Diagnosis Is Key

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Early diagnosis is crucial for your Dalmatian's health, as it can significantly improve the prognosis of any disease or disorder. The sooner you catch a problem, the better equipped your vet will be to treat it effectively.

Many diseases in Dalmatians cause a characteristic combination of symptoms, which can be a clear signal that your dog needs help. If you notice a change in appetite or water consumption, it's essential to seek veterinary attention.

Tartar build-up, bad breath, red gums, or broken teeth can be signs of underlying dental issues. Regular brushing and check-ups can help prevent these problems.

Itchy skin, hair loss, lethargy, mental dullness, or excessive sleeping can be indicative of a range of issues, from skin allergies to underlying medical conditions. If you notice any of these symptoms, don't hesitate to reach out to your vet.

Here are some key signs to watch out for:

  • Change in appetite or water consumption
  • Tartar build-up, bad breath, red gums, or broken teeth
  • Itchy skin (scratching, chewing, or licking), hair loss
  • Lethargy, mental dullness, or excessive sleeping
  • Fearfulness, aggression, or other behavioral changes
  • Dry, scaly, sometimes itchy hairless patches on face or paws
  • Easily startled, no reaction to unseen sounds

Regular scheduled trips to the vet can help catch any potential issues early on, ensuring your Dalmatian receives the best possible care.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Dalmatian dog syndrome?

Dalmatian bronzing syndrome, also known as "Dal crud," is a skin condition that causes Dalmatians to develop pink or bronze coloration and experience hair loss, crusty skin patches, and inflammation. This condition affects the skin and hair follicles of Dalmatians, leading to noticeable symptoms.

Sources

  1. Health Issues Commonly Seen in Dalmatians (pets4homes.co.uk)
  2. Dalmatian - Breed Info - Maple Spring Veterinary Hospital (maplespringsvet.com)
  3. Dalmatian | Seven Hills Veterinary Hospital, Inc (7hillsvet.com)
  4. Dalmatian - Breed Info (mulfordanimal.com)
  5. Dalmatian Club of America (dalmatianclubofamerica.org)
  6. according to the DCA (dalmatianclubofamerica.org)
  7. Dalmatian Road Trial (dalmatianclubofamerica.org)

Tina Tromp

Senior Writer

Tina Tromp is a passionate writer with a specialization in animal-related topics. With a keen interest in the human-animal bond, she has penned articles on dog training and canine therapy training, showcasing her expertise in the field. Her writing style is engaging, informative, and accessible to a wide range of readers.