Dog Spit Up Blood: Symptoms, Causes, and Care

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Posted Nov 2, 2024

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If your dog starts spitting up blood, it's a scary and concerning situation. The most common symptom is the presence of blood in the vomit, which can be a sign of a serious underlying issue.

The causes of dog spit up blood can be varied, but one of the most common is gastrointestinal foreign body, where your dog has ingested something it shouldn't have.

In some cases, the blood in your dog's vomit can be a sign of a more serious condition, such as gastritis or gastroesophageal reflux disease.

The good news is that with prompt veterinary care, your dog can recover from this condition and go back to its happy, healthy self.

On a similar theme: How Common Is Pyometra in Dogs

Causes of Dog Spit Up Blood

Dog spit up blood can be a frightening sight, but it's essential to understand the possible causes to ensure your furry friend receives the right treatment. Some common causes include dental injuries, which can lead to bleeding in the mouth, and respiratory infections like distemper, canine influenza, or Bordetella, which can cause inflammation in the lungs.

For another approach, see: Causes of Canine Diabetes

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In addition to these causes, there are several underlying conditions that can lead to dog spit up blood. These include ulcers, gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, gastrointestinal cancer, and parasites like hookworm, roundworm, and coccidia. If your dog is experiencing frequent or forceful coughing, it may be a sign of a respiratory infection.

Here are some possible underlying conditions that can cause dog spit up blood:

  • Ulcers
  • Gastritis
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Gastrointestinal cancer
  • Parasites (hookworm, roundworm, coccidia)

Environmental Causes

Environmental factors can contribute to dog spit up blood.

Ingesting toxins such as pesticides, heavy metals, or certain plants can cause a dog's stomach to produce excess acid, leading to blood in the vomit.

Eating spoiled or moldy food can also lead to vomiting blood in dogs.

Some common household substances, like rat poison, can be toxic to dogs and cause blood in the vomit.

Dogs may also spit up blood if they ingest a foreign object, such as a sharp piece of metal or a bone.

Expand your knowledge: Dog Throwing up Spit

Addressing the Root Cause

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Addressing the root cause of your dog spitting up blood is crucial to prevent reoccurrence and ensure proper treatment. Diagnostic testing is essential to figure out what caused the vomiting, and it may include fecal checks for parasites, blood tests and urinalysis, blood clotting tests, and infectious disease testing.

A veterinarian will perform a physical exam to check for abdominal pain and other issues, and then order diagnostic tests to determine the underlying cause. This may include X-rays, ultrasound, or exploratory surgeries if necessary.

After identifying the underlying cause, a veterinarian can begin targeted treatment to cure or manage the disease. For example, a dog with intestinal worms will receive parasite treatment, and a dog with an intestinal obstruction will likely need surgery.

Some common underlying causes of dog vomiting blood include ulcers, gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and gastrointestinal cancer. Other possible causes include infectious diseases like parvovirus and coronavirus, parasites like hookworm and roundworm, and toxin ingestion.

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Here are some common diagnostic tests used to identify the underlying cause:

  • Fecal check for parasites
  • Blood tests and urinalysis
  • Blood clotting tests
  • Infectious disease testing
  • X-rays
  • Ultrasound
  • Exploratory surgeries, biopsies, or other testing (if necessary)

By addressing the root cause of your dog's vomiting, you can prevent reoccurrence and ensure proper treatment. Regular veterinary check-ups, vaccinations, and parasite prevention can also help prevent underlying conditions from developing.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

If your dog is spitting up blood, it's essential to take them to the vet right away. Vomiting of large amounts of blood should be treated as an emergency.

The symptoms of hematemesis in dogs can vary, but common signs include vomiting with blood specks, dark grains that resemble coffee grounds, or large amounts of blood. Your dog may also show concurrent symptoms like diarrhea, hematochezia (blood in the stool), fever, or shock.

To help your vet diagnose the issue, provide a complete medical history, including any recent medications or potential trauma. A good description of your dog's symptoms, including how much blood is present and whether the problem is acute or chronic, will also be helpful.

Here are some possible causes of hematemesis in dogs:

  • Acute – sudden severe symptoms
  • Chronic – regularly vomiting material that contains blood

Blood tests, urine analysis, and imaging studies like ultrasound or x-rays may be necessary to determine the underlying cause of your dog's symptoms.

Symptoms

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If your dog is vomiting blood, it's a serious situation that requires immediate attention from a veterinarian. Vomiting large amounts of blood should be treated as an emergency.

The symptoms of vomiting blood in dogs can vary, but they often include vomit containing specks of blood, vomit with dark grains that look like coffee grounds, or vomiting large amounts of blood. Other symptoms may include concurrent issues like diarrhea, hematochezia (blood in the stool), fever, or shock.

Some dogs may experience pale gums, shallow breathing, or a cold body temperature. Hematemesis can be either acute or chronic, with acute being sudden and severe symptoms, and chronic being regularly vomiting material that contains blood.

Here are the possible causes of vomiting blood in dogs:

  • Ulcers
  • Gastritis (acute, chronic, or hemorrhagic gastroenteritis)
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Gastrointestinal cancer
  • Infectious diseases (canine parvovirus, coronavirus)
  • Parasites (hookworm, roundworm, coccidia)
  • Drugs (NSAID’s, corticosteroids)
  • Shock
  • Liver disease
  • Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s syndrome)
  • Kidney disease
  • Foreign objects
  • Coagulopathy
  • Bleeding in the mouth
  • Swallowing blood from a respiratory tract disorder
  • Toxin ingestion (e.g. rat bait ingestion)
  • Cancer

It's essential to address the underlying cause of vomiting blood in dogs, as it will direct treatment decisions and help prevent reoccurrence.

Puppies

Puppies are naturally curious and love to explore their surroundings, which can sometimes lead to them ingesting things they shouldn't.

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Puppies frequently develop gastroenteritis from eating plant material or off-limits human food.

Their small stomachs can't handle many of these foreign substances, leading to vomiting.

Repeat or regular vomiting in puppies is worth paying attention to, as it can be a sign of a more serious issue.

Certain infections like Parvovirus can cause rapid dehydration and consistent vomiting in puppies, making prompt veterinary care essential.

Treatment and Care

Most dogs respond very well to treatment and recover quickly from bloody stool.

Treatment for bloody stool in dogs will depend on the underlying cause and your pet's general physical health.

Medications for soothing intestines may be prescribed to help calm the digestive system.

Electrolyte and fluid therapies are often used in the case of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis to replenish lost fluids and electrolytes.

Antibiotic therapy may be necessary if an infection is the root cause of the problem.

Surgical remedies may be required for tumors, ulcers, or physical obstructions.

Credit: youtube.com, Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis In Dogs | You NEED To Watch This To Save Your Dog! | Vet Explains

Corticosteroid therapy can be used in cases of severe blood loss causing hypovolemic shock.

Anthelmintics (antiparasitic drugs) can be prescribed to expel parasitic worms and other internal parasites.

Supportive care may include antacids, stomach lining protectants, and anti-nausea medicines to help manage symptoms.

Fluid therapy for dehydration and electrolyte balance is crucial to prevent further complications.

A bland diet, such as plain boiled chicken and white rice, may be recommended to help soothe the stomach.

In severe cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary to save a dog's life.

Here are some common supportive care treatments:

  • Antacids.
  • Stomach lining protectants.
  • Anti-nausea medicines.
  • Fluid therapy for dehydration and electrolyte balance.
  • A bland diet (such as plain boiled chicken and white rice) or prescription diet for sensitive stomachs.
  • If severe, a blood transfusion (this is less common and only for severe blood loss).

Dogs that are very ill and have lost a lot of blood may need immediate blood or plasma transfusions.

Intravenous fluids and electrolytes can treat shock and balance dehydration from vomiting.

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Severe forms of gastritis, especially hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, can be life-threatening if they are not treated immediately.

Antibiotics may be given to treat vomiting caused by bacterial infection.

If the problem is related to chronic gastritis or ulcers, the veterinarian will treat your dog with antacids and antiemetics.

Activated charcoal may be given for drug overdoses or poisoning.

Other medications may focus on eliminating parasites as well as treating liver or kidney disease.

Dogs with cancerous tumors, foreign objects, or internal injury may need surgery.

Diet and Nutrition

Fresh food meal plans can be a great option for dogs experiencing vomiting, as they're often made with lean meats like poultry and rice or potato, which are more digestible.

These more digestible foods can help prevent excess material from reaching the large intestine and causing more vomiting.

Fresh dog food can also be beneficial for dogs with sensitive stomachs, as seen in success stories from happy Nom Nom pups like Jordy and Harold.

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Diet-related causes of digestive issues in dogs can be a real challenge to navigate. A more digestible diet may be just what the vet orders, made with lean meats like poultry and rice or potato.

Fresh food meal plans can help prevent excess material from reaching the large intestine.

Some dogs have sensitive stomachs, and a fresh dog food diet can be a game-changer for them.

Treating in Stool

Treating bloody stool in dogs can be a challenge, but with the right treatment, most dogs respond very well and recover quickly. Medications for soothing intestines are often prescribed to help calm the digestive system.

Electrolyte and fluid therapies may be necessary in cases of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, a condition that requires prompt treatment to prevent dehydration. This type of therapy helps replace lost electrolytes and fluids.

Antibiotic therapy is usually prescribed if an infection is the underlying cause of the bloody stool. This helps to clear up the infection and prevent further complications.

In some cases, surgical remedies may be needed to address tumors, ulcers, or physical obstructions that are causing the bloody stool. This is often a last resort, but can be very effective in resolving the issue.

Corticosteroid therapy may be used in cases of severe blood loss causing hypovolemic shock, which is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate attention.

Emergency and Veterinary Advice

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If your dog is coughing up blood, it's essential to seek veterinary care as soon as possible. Most of the time, coughing up blood is a sign of a serious health issue that needs immediate attention.

A less concerning cause of coughing up blood is dental injury, such as a cut on the gums, lost tooth, or bitten tongue. However, a thorough examination by a veterinarian may be necessary to rule out other potential causes.

If you're unsure whether your dog's coughing up blood is an emergency, consider the following: if your dog has a diagnosed health problem, such as heartworms or congestive heart failure, coughing up blood could be a sign of a worsening condition. In any case, it's always best to err on the side of caution and seek veterinary care.

If your dog is vomiting blood, it's a serious symptom that requires immediate veterinary attention. Even if it's just a small spot of blood, call your vet's office or an emergency vet office right away.

Call Vet If Coughing

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If your dog is coughing up blood, it's essential to call the vet right away. This symptom can indicate a serious health problem.

Respiratory infections like distemper, canine influenza, or Bordetella (Kennel Cough) can cause dogs to cough up blood due to frequent, forceful coughing.

Distemper is more common in unvaccinated or young puppies, but Bordetella and canine influenza can affect any age dog that has recently been in social settings.

You may also notice yellow or green mucoid nasal discharge, crusting around the nares, and wheezing or hacking.

Healthy adult dogs who get sick with mild upper respiratory infections are less likely to cough up blood.

However, if your dog is coughing up blood, it's always better to err on the side of caution and seek professional medical care.

Call the vet immediately, especially if you know your pet has a diagnosed health problem like heartworms or congestive heart failure.

VEG Emergency Vet Hospital is available 24/7 with locations all over the country, so you never have to wait for your pet to receive proper care and treatment.

Is an Emergency?

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If your dog is vomiting blood, it's a clear emergency. Any time you see blood in your dog's vomit, seek veterinary care immediately.

A small spot of blood might seem harmless, but it can quickly turn into more blood later. Your vet may have recommendations to implement right away.

If your dog is a puppy, it's especially crucial to seek emergency treatment. Young pups are prone to infections, such as Parvovirus, which can be severe and fatal.

Severe blood loss can be fatal, and if you notice a large amount of blood in your dog's vomit, you should seek emergency treatment. This can include a blood transfusion.

Here are some red flags that indicate an emergency:

  • Large amount of blood in vomit
  • Puppy with vomiting blood
  • Illness with other symptoms, such as fever, listlessness, diarrhea, or loss of appetite

Remember, home remedies are not a substitute for proper medical care in cases of vomiting blood. Your vet will be able to diagnose the underlying cause and provide the necessary treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does it mean when a dog spits blood?

Blood in a dog's vomit is a sign of a serious condition, such as a stomach ulcer or intestinal blockage, requiring immediate veterinary attention

Can a dog survive after vomiting blood?

Surviving after vomiting blood depends on the severity of the blood loss, but severe cases can be fatal or require a blood transfusion. If you suspect your dog is experiencing severe blood loss, seek emergency treatment immediately

Jenna Koch

Senior Writer

Jenna Koch is a versatile and passionate writer with a keen interest in exploring various topics. Her writing career has taken off with a focus on informative and engaging content, covering a range of subjects that spark curiosity and interest in readers. Jenna's expertise lies in crafting well-researched and accessible articles that cater to diverse audiences.