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Dog sternum lumps and bumps can be unsettling to notice on your furry friend. These growths can appear on the chest area, and their cause can vary.
Some lumps are non-cancerous and may be caused by a skin fold or a collection of fat cells. According to veterinary experts, these types of lumps can be easily removed surgically.
A dog's age and breed can play a significant role in the development of sternum lumps. For instance, older dogs are more prone to developing fatty tumors, also known as lipomas.
In some cases, sternum lumps can be a sign of a more serious underlying condition, such as heart disease or cancer. However, this is less common than benign growths.
What is a Dog Sternum Lump?
A dog sternum lump can be a small, hemispherical lump that feels soft and can be moved a little, although firmer, stationary lumps are also common.
Your vet will likely perform a fine needle aspiration to suction out a sample of cells, which will be examined under a microscope by a veterinary pathologist to determine the lump's cause.
If the results are unclear, your vet may recommend a biopsy or histopathology to get a more clear diagnosis of your pet's condition.
It's essential to have any lump examined by a vet to rule out cancer, as early detection and treatment are crucial for good treatment outcomes.
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Types of Lumps and Bumps
Types of lumps and bumps on a dog's skin can be unsettling, but it's essential to know what to look out for. Some common skin growths found in dogs include lipomas, which are characterized as small, hemispherical lumps that can be felt just under your dog's skin.
Lipomas are typically found on the abdomen and chest, but can develop anywhere on your dog's body. They are painless, soft, and mobile lumps made up of fat cells. Female dogs that are overweight are more prone to lipomas, and certain breeds such as Weimaraners, Labs, and Cocker Spaniels are also more susceptible.
It's crucial to have any lump or bump examined by a veterinarian to determine if it's harmless or a sign of a more serious underlying condition. Your vet may perform a fine needle aspiration or biopsy to determine the diagnosis.
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Causes of Tumors
Lipomas in dogs are often caused by a combination of factors, including diet and genetics.
Research suggests that certain breeds, such as Weimaraners, Labs, Cocker Spaniels, Dachshunds, Beagles, Miniature Schnauzers, and Dobermans, are more prone to developing lipomas.
Being overweight can also increase a dog's risk of developing lipomas, especially in female dogs.
Diet, genetics, chemicals in the environment, and drug interactions are all thought to contribute to the development of lipomas in dogs.
Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise may help prevent lipomas from occurring.
Lipomas can be challenging to diagnose, and determining the exact cause may not always be possible.
Simple Tumors
Simple tumors, also known as benign tumors, are not likely to spread to other areas on the body.
They can be soft, painless, and mobile lumps made up of fat cells, such as lipomas, which are frequently seen in middle-aged and senior dogs.
Lipomas are typically found on the abdomen and chest, but can develop anywhere just under the skin.
Some breeds, like Weimaraners, Labs, Cocker Spaniels, Dachshunds, Beagles, Miniature Schnauzers, and Dobermans, are more susceptible to developing lipomas.
Female dogs that are overweight are also more prone to lipomas.
Simple lipomas develop in the fatty tissue layer found under the dog's skin and tend to grow slowly.
They can be moved and will not create any pain or discomfort for your dog.
This type of lipoma is typically found on the dog's tummy, chest, or abdomen.
Here are the characteristics of simple fatty tumors in dogs:
While these fatty tumors are not malignant and will not metastasize, they may continue to grow and start to cause discomfort depending on their location.
Each dog is unique, and lipomas can grow at varying rates.
Diagnosing and Identifying Lumps
A veterinarian should examine any new lumps or bumps on your dog, as some can be caused by infections or underlying conditions. It's always best to have a veterinarian examine and diagnose any changes to your dog's skin.
Your vet will likely ask you to note the location of the lump, how long it's been there, and any changes that have occurred since you first noticed it. This information will help them make a diagnosis.
Taking a series of photographs of the lump can be helpful for your veterinarian to make a diagnosis. This can also help you keep track of any changes to the lump over time.
Your vet may perform a fine needle aspiration (FNA) to suction out a sample of cells from the lump. This sample will then be examined under a microscope by a veterinary pathologist. If the results are unclear, your vet may recommend a biopsy or histopathology to determine a more clear diagnosis.
Here are some common tests your vet may use to diagnose a lump:
- Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA)
- Impression Smear
- Biopsy
- Lab test (if the lump contains fluid)
Some lumps, like lipomas, are characterized as small, hemispherical lumps that can be felt just under the skin. They may feel soft and movable, but firmer, stationary lipomas are also common.
It's essential to have your vet examine any hard or firm lumps, irregularly shaped lumps, or lumps that ooze fluid. They will make recommendations for treatment options based on the diagnosis.
Treatment and Next Steps
If your dog has a sternum lump, the next step is to make an appointment with your vet as soon as possible. Bring a log of any changes you've noticed, including pictures, to help your vet assess the situation.
Your vet may recommend monitoring the lump for changes, or they may suggest removal by freezing or laser treatments, surgical removal, chemotherapy, or radiation. The type of treatment will depend on the size, color, and texture of the lump, as well as its location and whether it's moveable or fixed to underlying tissue.
If the lump is benign, your vet may recommend a lumpectomy or partial removal, depending on its size and location. If it's malignant, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be necessary, either alone or in combination with surgery.
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Do Tumors Continue to Grow?
Fatty tumors in dogs can continue to grow, causing discomfort depending on their location.
They may grow at varying rates, with some growing very slowly and others growing rapidly.
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Each dog is unique, so the growth rate of a fatty tumor can be unpredictable.
While many lipomas will never become a real concern, others may become problematic due to their size and location.
It's essential to monitor your dog's fatty tumors and consult with your veterinarian if you notice any changes or discomfort.
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Next Steps
If you've found a lump or bump on your dog, the next step is to make an appointment with your vet as soon as possible. Keep a log of when you first noticed the lump, how many there are, where they're located, their size, color, and texture, and whether they're moveable or seem to be fixed to underlying tissue.
Your vet will likely recommend keeping an eye on the lump and watching for any potential growth, changes in texture, or pain for your dog. This is especially true for fatty tumors, which are common in middle-aged and senior dogs.
Depending on the type of lump or bump your dog has, its location and size, and the characteristics of your dog, more treatment options may be available. These can include surgical removal, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other types of therapy such as cryosurgery, laser therapy, or photodynamic therapy.
Here are some common treatment options for lumps and bumps on dogs:
- Lumpectomy: surgical removal of the lump
- Partial removal or debulking: removal of part of the lump
- Cryosurgery: using extreme cold to remove superficial skin lesions
- Radiation therapy: using high energy radiation to shrink or kill cancer cells
- Chemotherapy: using drugs to kill cancer cells in the whole body
It's also essential to keep in mind that the cost of treatment can be a concern for many pet owners. Having pet insurance in place from an early age can help alleviate financial stress associated with treating your dog's lumps and bumps.
When to Worry About a Dog's Skin Bump
If you discover a lump that's hard or firm to the touch, it's best to have your dog examined immediately.
A lump that's irregularly shaped or has changed in size, texture, or color is also a cause for concern and should be checked by a vet right away.
Any bumps that ooze fluid should be seen by a vet immediately, as this could be a sign of an infection.
It's impossible to determine the type of tumor without laboratory testing, so it's always best to consult a vet.
Your vet should take a look at any new bumps or lumps on your dog to make a determination of what it is.
Dealing with the possibility of tumors or infections in your dog can be costly and emotionally stressful, but pet health insurance can help cover some of the cost.
Pet health insurance can give you one less thing to worry about, allowing you to focus on the best treatment options for your companion.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Are cancerous lumps on dogs hard or soft?
Cancerous lumps on dogs are typically hard and firm to the touch, unlike soft lipomas. If you suspect a lump on your dog, it's essential to consult a veterinarian for proper evaluation and diagnosis.
Sources
- https://www.petmd.com/dog/symptoms/lumps-bumps-and-cysts-dogs
- https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/dog-skin-lumps-bumps/
- https://www.denvervet.com/site/blog/2022/08/31/fatty-tumor-lipoma-dog
- https://www.rspcapetinsurance.org.au/pet-care/dog-care/canine-guide-lumps-bumps-on-dogs
- https://www.petplace.com/article/dogs/pet-health/dog-health/i-found-a-hard-lump-on-my-dog-what-is-it
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