Labrador dogs can be prone to a condition called entropion, where the eyelid rolls inward and causes discomfort and vision problems. Entropion surgery is a common solution to correct this issue.
The surgery typically involves a veterinary ophthalmologist who makes a small incision to tighten the eyelid muscles and tuck the eyelid into its correct position. This usually takes about 30 minutes to an hour to complete.
Labradors with entropion often exhibit signs such as excessive tearing, squinting, or rubbing their eyes. In severe cases, entropion can lead to vision loss or even blindness.
After the surgery, it's essential to follow post-operative care instructions carefully to ensure a smooth recovery. This may include applying an ointment to the affected eye and monitoring for any signs of infection.
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What Is Entropion?
Entropion is a painful and potentially sight-threatening condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea. This can lead to discomfort, eye discharge, and even vision loss if left untreated.
The condition is more common in certain breeds, such as the Labrador Retriever, and can be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Entropion can be present at birth or develop later in life.
A common symptom of entropion is excessive tearing and eye discharge, which can be accompanied by redness and swelling of the affected eye. This can be a sign that the condition is causing discomfort and irritation.
In some cases, entropion can be a sign of an underlying issue, such as a weakened eyelid muscle or a birth defect. Regular veterinary check-ups can help identify any potential issues early on.
Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms of entropion in labradors can be quite distressing for both the dog and its owner. Excessive tear production and staining are common issues, causing the eyes to become red and inflamed.
Eye discharge, often in the form of pus or mucus, is another symptom of entropion in labradors. This discharge can be a sign of infection or irritation.
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Labradors with entropion may exhibit squinting, often referred to as blepharospasm, as a way to protect their eyes from the discomfort. This squinting can be a clear indication of entropion.
In addition to squinting, labradors with entropion may display other behavioral changes, such as pawing at their eyes or constantly shutting them tight.
Here are some common symptoms of entropion in labradors:
- Squinting
- Excessive tearing (epiphora)
- Eye redness and inflammation
- Mucoid discharge
- Recurrent corneal abrasion or ulcer
These symptoms can make labradors appear depressed and lethargic, which can be a concern for owners. It's essential to address entropion promptly to prevent further complications.
Causes and Risk Factors
Some dog breeds are more prone to developing entropion due to their physical characteristics. Rottweilers, Mastiffs, and Chow Chows are among the breeds that are susceptible to this issue.
These breeds often have heavy facial folds that can contribute to the development of entropion. Additionally, breeds that are predisposed to eye conditions like uveitis and glaucoma are also at a higher risk.
The following dog breeds are more likely to develop entropion: RottweilerMastiffChow ChowSaint BernardShar-PeiGreat DaneGreat PyreneesBernese Mountain DogNewfoundlandLabrador RetrieverPugs and other brachycephalic breeds like Bulldogs, Shih-Tzus, Pekingese, and BoxersHound breeds (Bloodhounds, Basset Hounds)Terriers (Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Yorkshire Terrier)Spaniels (English and American Cocker Spaniel, English Springer Spaniel, Tibetan Spaniel)
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Causes of Entropion
Entropion is a complex condition with multiple underlying causes. Aging is a significant risk factor, as the eyelids' muscles and tendons weaken with time, leading to a inward rolling of the eyelid.
Genetics can also play a role, with some people being born with a predisposition to entropion due to the shape and structure of their eyelids.
Trauma or injury to the eye can cause entropion, especially if the eyelid is severely damaged or scarred.
In some cases, entropion is caused by a blockage in the tear ducts, which can lead to excessive tearing and irritation, causing the eyelid to roll inward.
Secondary Causes of Entropion
Secondary causes of entropion in dogs are often related to external factors. Trauma or inflammation from eye injuries can lead to this condition.
In some cases, eyelid scarring or nerve damage can also cause secondary entropion. This can occur after a serious injury or surgery.
Infectious diseases can also contribute to secondary entropion. Bacterial or fungal infections can cause inflammation and scarring in the eyelids, leading to this condition.
Systemic dermatological conditions, such as generalized pyoderma, demodectic mange, or dermatophytosis (ringworm), can also increase the risk of secondary entropion. These conditions can cause widespread inflammation and scarring, which can affect the eyelids and lead to this condition.
Dog Breeds Prone to Entropion
Some dog breeds are more prone to entropion due to their facial structure.
Dog breeds with heavy facial folds are more susceptible to entropion.
Certain breeds are more likely to develop eye conditions like uveitis and glaucoma, which can increase the risk of entropion.
Rottweilers are one of the breeds that should be mindful of entropion.
Mastiffs are also at a higher risk due to their facial structure.
Other breeds that should be monitored include Chow Chows, Saint Bernards, Shar-Peis, Great Danes, Great Pyrenees, Bernese Mountain Dogs, and Newfoundlands.
Labrador Retrievers are also at risk, and owners should keep an eye out for signs of entropion.
Additionally, breeds with brachycephalic faces, such as Pugs, Bulldogs, Shih-Tzus, Pekingese, and Boxers, are more prone to entropion.
Hound breeds like Bloodhounds and Basset Hounds, as well as Terriers like Staffordshire Bull Terriers and Yorkshire Terriers, are also at risk.
Lastly, Spaniels like English and American Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels, and Tibetan Spaniels should also be monitored for entropion.
Here's a list of dog breeds that are prone to entropion:
- Rottweiler
- Mastiff
- Chow Chow
- Saint Bernard
- Shar-Pei
- Great Dane
- Great Pyrenees
- Bernese Mountain Dog
- Newfoundland
- Labrador Retriever
- Pugs and other brachycephalic breeds like Bulldogs, Shih-Tzus, Pekingese, and Boxers
- Hound breeds (Bloodhounds, Basset Hounds)
- Terriers (Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Yorkshire Terrier)
- Spaniels (English and American Cocker Spaniel, English Springer Spaniel, Tibetan Spaniel)
Diagnosis and Prognosis
Diagnosis of entropion in dogs involves an ophthalmologic examination of your dog's eyes and eyelids while they're awake, allowing your vet to observe their normal eyeshape.
Your vet will administer anesthetic eye drops to relieve your dog's discomfort during the eye exam, which is usually performed to check the extent of entropion and for possible trauma or underlying eye conditions.
A fluorescein test may be conducted if corneal abrasion or ulcer is suspected, where a drop of fluorescein dye is placed on the cornea to turn green and stick to the damaged area, allowing the vet to assess the extent of the problem.
The Schirmer tear test is another common diagnostic test used to assess ophthalmic health by measuring basal and reflexive tear production in non-anesthetized dogs.
How Vets Diagnose Entropion
Vets diagnose entropion in dogs through an ophthalmologic examination of the eyes and eyelids. This allows them to observe the dog's normal eyeshape.
Your vet will perform this evaluation while your dog is awake and not sedated. This is because observing your dog's normal eyeshape is crucial for an accurate diagnosis.
An ocular exam is usually all it takes to diagnose entropion. Your vet will check the extent of entropion and look for any underlying eye conditions that may have caused it.
If your vet suspects a corneal abrasion or ulcer, they may perform a fluorescein test. This involves placing a drop of fluorescein dye on the cornea, which will turn green and stick to the damaged area.
A Schirmer tear test (STT) is also commonly used to assess ophthalmic health. This involves inserting an STT strip into the lower eyelid and leaving it there for exactly one minute to measure tear production.
What Is the Prognosis for Entropion Surgery
The prognosis for entropion surgery in dogs is generally good, especially when done properly and at the right time in a dog's life.
The success rate of surgery is very high, at 90-95%, which is a great indicator of a successful outcome.
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Treatment and Recovery
Entropion surgery is a common treatment for Labrador dogs with entropion. The goal of surgery is to revert the eyelid margin away from the eye, preventing lashes from rubbing on the surface of the eye.
Recovery from entropion surgery is rapid, but your dog's eyes will be swollen for 2-4 weeks. They'll need to wear an Elizabethan collar to protect the sutures around their eyes.
Your vet may prescribe topical eye medications, oral antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and analgesics to manage post-surgery discomfort. They'll also need to remove the sutures 14 days after surgery.
Here are some potential complications to watch out for:
- Under correction, where not enough eyelid skin is removed
- Overcorrection, where too much eyelid skin is removed
In some cases, temporary tacking sutures may need to be replaced several times as the puppy grows. If entropion resolves, the sutures can be removed after 2-4 weeks.
Treatment Options for Entropion
Treatment options for entropion vary depending on the severity and type of the condition. For spastic entropion, medical therapy alone can be effective in relieving pain and discomfort.
Entropion can be managed with lubricating ophthalmic ointments, gels, or topical medications to decrease inflammation. In some cases, temporary tacking sutures may be placed to pull the eyelid away from the eyeball, allowing the puppy's head to grow and develop normally.
The tacking sutures may need to be replaced several times as the puppy grows, and can be removed after 2-4 weeks if entropion resolves. If entropion does not resolve, corrective surgery is required.
Entropion correction in mature dogs involves removing a section of skin beneath the entropion to tighten the lower eyelid. Surgical complications from entropion surgery include under correction and overcorrection, which are rare but can occur if not enough or too much eyelid skin is removed.
The prognosis for animals after entropion surgery is excellent, as it restores their comfort and vision. The cost of treating entropion can range from $300 to $1,500 per eye, depending on the type of surgery and the severity of the condition.
Here are some common treatment options for entropion:
- Spastic entropion: managed with topical ointment to relieve pain and discomfort
- Acquired entropion: addressed by treating the underlying eye issues
- Hereditary entropion: eyelid surgery is the only permanent solution
- Puppy entropion: temporary tacking sutures or eyelid rolling outward may be used to manage the condition
Recovery and Management After Surgery
Recovery from entropion surgery is rapid, but your dog's eyes will be swollen from surgery and will be the most swollen around 24 hours after surgery.
The swelling can take 2-4 weeks to completely go away, so be patient and give your dog plenty of time to heal.
Your vet might prescribe topical eye medications, oral antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and analgesics to ensure your dog's comfort and prevent infection.
You'll need to go back to the vet to have the sutures removed 14 days after surgery, and the Elizabethan collar can be removed a few days after that.
Keeping an eye on your dog and preventing them from injuring the incision site is crucial, especially if they're able to remove the Elizabethan collar or if you've taken it off too soon after surgery.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the success rate of entropion surgery in dogs?
Entropion surgery in dogs has a high success rate, with most procedures successful about 90-95% of the time. However, individual results may vary depending on factors such as the dog's breed, age, and overall health.
Sources
- https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/eyes/c_multi_entropion
- https://animalvisioncare.com/eye-conditions/canine/entropion/
- https://www.whole-dog-journal.com/health/entropion-in-dogs-how-to-treat-this-common-eye-problem/
- https://www.kingsdale.com/entropion-in-dogs-inverted-eyelids
- https://www.petinsurancequotes.com/dog-health/entropion/
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