Managing kidney disease in dogs requires a comprehensive approach that addresses the condition's progression and impact on the dog's overall health. Dogs with kidney disease can live a relatively long life with proper management.
A dog's lifespan with kidney disease can range from 1 to 3 years, depending on the severity of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment. With proper care, some dogs have been known to live up to 5 years or more.
Dietary changes are a crucial aspect of managing kidney disease in dogs. Feeding a kidney-friendly diet can help slow the progression of the disease and improve the dog's quality of life.
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Causes and Diagnosis
Causes of kidney disease in dogs can be a mystery, but some common culprits include congenital birth defects, acute injuries like eating grapes or raisins, and contaminated water or food. In some cases, a dog's genetic predisposition can also play a role.
Some breeds, such as Bull Terriers and English Cocker Spaniels, are more prone to kidney failure due to their genetic makeup. Lack of exercise, poor diet, and contaminated food or water can also contribute to kidney disease in dogs.
Diagnosing kidney disease requires a trip to the vet's office, where a thorough physical exam and blood and urine tests will be conducted. A urinalysis will provide important information about the kidneys' ability to produce urine and detect signs of infection or protein loss.
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Causes of a Dog's Illness
Dogs can get kidney disease from a variety of sources, including bacterial infections like leptospirosis, which can be caused by drinking contaminated water.
Some breeds, such as Bull Terriers and English Cocker Spaniels, are more prone to kidney disease due to their genetics.
Dogs can also get kidney disease from consuming toxic substances, including grapes and raisins, and certain medications like diuretics and ibuprofen.
A dog's diet can also play a role in their risk of kidney disease, with a lack of exercise and a diet that's high in certain substances being contributing factors.
Here are some common causes of kidney disease in dogs:
- Bacterial infections like leptospirosis
- Consuming toxic substances like grapes and raisins
- Certain medications like diuretics and ibuprofen
- Lack of exercise
- Diet that's high in certain substances
- Contaminated water or food
- Genetic predisposition in certain breeds
Why Does My Pet Need Urinalysis?
Your veterinarian might recommend urinalysis for your furry friend to check for signs of infection in the kidneys.
A urinalysis can help determine the specific stage of kidney disease, and in conjunction with blood work results, it can offer a prognosis for your dog's health.
Your vet will be looking for signs of infection, levels of protein in the urine, and how concentrated the urine is.
The kidneys' main job is to produce urine, so a urinalysis can provide valuable information about their function.
More advanced diagnostic tests, such as an abdominal ultrasound or X-rays, may be needed to understand why your dog's kidneys are not working well.
A kidney biopsy may be recommended to examine the tissue closer and get a better understanding of the underlying issue.
Acute
Acute kidney disease in dogs can be caused by an acute injury, such as consuming grapes or raisins.
Sometimes, the kidneys can suddenly stop working properly due to an illness or infection.
Acute kidney failure can be caused by eating something your dog shouldn't, like antifreeze.
If your dog has acute kidney failure, it's essential to treat it early and aggressively to try and reverse the damage.
Acute renal failure is usually associated with consuming toxins or contracting infections, and it can occur within hours or days.
In some cases, acute kidney failure may be permanent, depending on the cause.
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Chronic
Chronic kidney disease in dogs is a serious condition that can be caused by a combination of factors. Some breeds, such as Bull Terriers and English Cocker Spaniels, are more predisposed to kidney failure due to their genetic makeup.
Chronic renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose function gradually, often due to degeneration related to old age. This type of kidney failure is most commonly caused by the kidneys deteriorating faster than usual.
The kidneys have a limited lifespan, and some dogs may experience chronic kidney failure earlier than others. As the disease progresses, the healthy areas of the kidney take on the extra work that the damaged areas can't do, leading to a buildup of waste products in the blood.
In the early stages of chronic kidney failure, dogs may not show any obvious symptoms, but as the disease progresses, signs such as lethargy, pale gums, and chemical-like breath may become apparent. Vomiting after eating and weight loss are also common symptoms.
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Here are some common causes of chronic kidney failure in dogs:
- Genetics: Certain breeds are more prone to kidney failure due to their genetic makeup.
- Diet: A poor diet can put extra strain on the kidneys, leading to disease.
- Lack of exercise: Regular exercise is essential for maintaining healthy kidneys.
- Contaminated water or food: Consuming contaminated water or substandard food can cause kidney damage.
It's essential to work closely with your veterinarian to diagnose and manage chronic kidney failure in your dog. Regular check-ups, blood tests, and urinalysis can help monitor the disease's progression and adjust treatment accordingly.
Signs and Symptoms
As a dog owner, it's essential to recognize the signs and symptoms of kidney disease in your furry friend. Lethargy is often the first and constant sign, with dogs becoming less active and more tired.
Some common symptoms include pale gums, chemical-like breath, and loss of appetite, which can lead to weight loss. Vomiting after eating is also a common occurrence.
You may notice your dog urinating more frequently, with larger amounts of urine, and drinking more water to replace lost fluids. This is because their kidneys are less efficient at filtering toxins, leading to increased production of urine.
Other symptoms to look out for include:
- More frequent urination
- Increased thirst
- Loss of appetite
- Lethargy
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Bad breath and mouth ulcers due to a buildup of toxins
It's worth noting that the symptoms of kidney disease can be similar to those of other illnesses, so it's crucial to consult a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis. Early detection and treatment can help alleviate the discomfort caused by the symptoms and support your pet's kidneys.
Treatment and Care
Kidney disease in dogs can't be cured, but with proper treatment and care, your dog can live a long and comfortable life.
Your vet will prescribe the right treatment for your dog's kidney disease, which may include antibiotics, fluids, and medications.
Fluids are crucial in treating kidney disease, as dehydration can worsen symptoms. Your vet may recommend hospitalization with intravenous diuresis to flush the kidneys and bloodstream.
In chronic cases, subcutaneous fluids at home can help prevent dehydration and flush toxins. However, not every dog will tolerate at-home administration of fluids.
A special diet can reduce signs of kidney failure in dogs and slow the progress of the disease. Your vet may suggest a carefully balanced prescription kidney diet for dogs.
A kidney diet is one that is reduced in protein and phosphorus, which can decrease the amount of toxins the kidneys need to expel. Kidney diets often contain less sodium and have more soluble fiber than maintenance diets.
To manage symptoms, your vet may recommend medications such as Erythropoietin to stimulate red cell production, hypertension medication to reduce blood pressure, and phosphorus binders to reduce circulating blood levels.
Medications for nausea or to stimulate the appetite may also be used to help manage gastrointestinal signs.
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What's the Outlook?
The prognosis for a dog with kidney disease is a tough one to determine on your own, so it's essential to consult with your veterinarian. They're in the best position to help your pup.
A dog's life expectancy with kidney disease depends on several factors, including the severity of the disease, the individual dog, and the dog's treatment.
The severity of the disease plays a significant role in determining the lifespan of a dog with kidney disease. In stage one, the median survival time is over 400 days. However, in dogs with stage four kidney disease, the survival time shrinks to fewer than 80 days.
Dogs with early-stage kidney disease can live for years after diagnosis, assuming it's caught early.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How do dogs act when their kidneys are failing?
Dogs with failing kidneys may show signs of lethargy, loss of appetite, and bad breath, as well as experience vomiting and diarrhea. If you notice these symptoms, it's essential to consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and care.
When to put a dog down with kidney disease?
Consider euthanasia if your dog's chronic kidney disease is causing significant pain, distress, or a decline in their quality of life, despite treatment efforts. Evaluate their ability to eat, drink, and maintain personal hygiene to make an informed decision.
How quickly does kidney failure progress in dogs?
Dogs with acute kidney failure can rapidly develop severe symptoms within minutes to hours, or less than a week, after kidney injury. Prompt veterinary attention is crucial to prevent rapid progression and potential complications.
Sources
- Signs, Symptoms & Causes of Kidney Failure in Dogs (sharonlakes.com)
- Alicen Tracey (denherdervet.com)
- the causes of kidney disease in dogs (wsu.edu)
- subcutaneous fluids (vcahospitals.com)
- can live with just one kidney if the other needs to be removed (pethealthnetwork.com)
- four stages of kidney diseases (iris-kidney.com)
- Kidney Failure in Dogs: Symptoms & Treatment (purina.co.uk)
- Safarivet: How Long Can Dogs Live With Kidney Failure ... (safarivet.com)
- Kidney Failure in Dogs: Signs, Symptoms & Treatment (petsbest.com)
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