The Dachshund's physical features are quite unique and make them easily recognizable. They typically have a short, compact body that's long and narrow, often referred to as a "hot dog" or "wiener dog" shape.
Their height can vary, but they usually range from 6 to 11 inches in height. This compact size makes them a great fit for families with smaller living spaces.
Dachshunds come in three main coat types: smooth, wirehaired, and longhaired. The smooth coat is the most common and requires minimal grooming.
Physical Characteristics
Dachshunds have distinctive heads that start wide at the base and get thinner as you get closer to their pointed noses. Their muscly, strong necks let them hold their fearless heads up high.
Their ears are quite large and floppy, moving backwards when they're alert or listening. This is especially noticeable in puppies, whose ears can look huge compared to their short, elongated frame.
A Dachshund's body is short and stout, standing much longer than it does tall.
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Head
The head is the uppermost part of the body, housing the brain, eyes, ears, and mouth. It's the control center of our physical and mental abilities.
The head is made up of several distinct parts, including the cranium, face, and neck. The cranium is the bony structure that protects the brain, while the face is the area that contains the eyes, nose, mouth, and jaw.
The skull is made up of 22 bones that fuse together during childhood, forming a single, solid unit. The skull protects the brain and the sensory organs, allowing us to perceive and interact with the world around us.
Ears
Dachshunds have big, floppy ears that move backwards when they're alert or listening.
Their ears are usually long enough to reach about halfway down their necks.
Dachshund puppies have huge ears that can look out of proportion to their short, elongated frame.
Eyes
Dachshunds have gorgeous oval-shaped eyes that can be a range of colours.
Most commonly, Dachshunds have warm dark brown eyes.
They can also have lighter brown or amber eyes.
The eyes can sometimes be two different colours, which is called Heterochromia.
Double Dapple or dilute coloured Dachshunds may also have blue eyes.
Appearance
The dachshund's appearance is a big part of its charm. Bred in Germany to burrow into dens of prey, this small hunting hound stands much longer than it does tall.
Their short and stout form makes them quite recognizable. The breed comes in three coat types: smooth, longhair, and wirehair.
Smooth dachshunds have a short, shiny coat that comes in a variety of colors and patterns. Solid red or cream, black and tan, and dappled (also known as merle) are just a few examples.
The color of smooth dachshunds' eyes varies based on coat color and pattern. Solid- and bicolor-coated smooth dachshunds typically have dark eyes.
Wirehaired dachshunds have a distinctive wiry texture to their coat. They also have a prominent beard and eyebrows.
Longhaired dachshunds have sleek, shiny hair that's longer on the ears and under the neck, body, and behind the legs.
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Coat Types
Dachshunds come in three different coat types. The most common type is the smooth-haired Dachshund.
Their coat is very short, glossy, and smooth to touch.
Smooth-Haired Dachshund Coat
Smooth-haired Dachshunds are the most common type of Dachshund. Their coat is very short, glossy, and smooth to touch.
If you're thinking of getting a Smooth-haired Dachshund, you'll want to know that their coat requires minimal grooming.
Wirehaired Dachshund Coat
The Wirehaired Dachshund Coat is quite distinct from other coat types. Their outer coat is very thick and coarse.
One of the defining characteristics of Wirehaired Dachshunds is their rougher hair compared to smooth-haired Dachshunds.
Body
A Dachshund's body is a unique and adorable package. Purebred Dachshunds have long backs that are fairly straight and level, starting at the end of their shoulders and ending at their tail.
It's essential to remember that their long spine is a delicate part of their body that needs careful attention. Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a common issue found in around a quarter of Dachshunds.
Their tummies are small and round, with a classic 'tuck up' around their abdominal. This means you can draw a diagonal line straight from the front of their ribs upwards to the top of their back legs.
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Nose
Their nose is a key part of a Dachshund's unique appearance. It's long and pointy, with a sweet black button nose and large nostrils.
A Dachshund's nose is strong and they use it to burrow, nudge their owners, open doors or move things around.
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Jaw
Dachshunds have incredibly strong jaws, despite their short stature.
Their top and bottom teeth fit closely and properly overlap in line together, known as a 'scissor' bite.
Some Dachshunds are known to smile when relaxed and happy, turning up the corners of their mouth and curling their lips back and upwards on one or both sides.
Back
A Dachshund's back is quite unique and requires some special care.
Purebred Dachshunds have long backs that start at the end of their shoulders and end at their tail.
Their back should be fairly straight and level when looked at from the side.
It's essential to remember that a Dachshund's long spine is a part of their body that needs careful attention.
Their fragile back is prone to Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD), which is found in around a quarter of Dachshunds.
Tummy
A Dachshund's tummy is small and round, making them an adorable breed. They have a defined tuck around their abdominal, which is a classic characteristic of a healthy Dachshund.
This tuck is noticeable when you look at them sideways, where you can draw a diagonal line from the front of their ribs to the top of their back legs. It's a great way to tell if your Dachshund is the right weight.
A defined waistline is essential for a Dachshund's overall health, and it's one of the ways you can quickly check if your Dachshund is at a healthy weight.
Tail
A Dachshund's tail is quite distinctive, following a straight line from their spine with a noticeable curve upwards.
They don't tend to have kinks in their tail, which is a characteristic of purebred Dachshunds.
If you're looking at a miniature Dachshund, their tail will still follow the same line and curve as their larger counterparts.
Legs
A Dachshund's legs are quite unique, and it's easy to see why they're often the subject of attention. They have short, stubby legs that are powerful and can run in short, sharp bursts.
The hindquarters of a Dachshund should be well-defined, with strong muscles driving forward their every movement. This is a testament to their athletic ability, despite their compact size.
Some Dachshunds have legs that turn outwards, a feature that's sometimes referred to as 'Queen Anne Legs'. This is because they resemble the cabriole legs found on old Queen Anne style furniture.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are sausage dogs and Dachshunds the same?
Sausage dogs and Dachshunds are often used interchangeably, but technically, "Dachshund" refers to the breed as a whole, while "sausage dog" is a colloquial nickname for the miniature variety.
Sources
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