The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) has a rich and complex history that spans over a century. The breed's early beginnings date back to the 19th century in England, where bulldogs and terriers were crossed to create a robust and agile dog.
In the late 19th century, APBTs were brought to the United States, where they quickly gained popularity as a working dog and family pet. The breed's versatility and loyalty made them a favorite among farmers, ranchers, and families alike.
APBTs were originally bred for bloodsports such as bull-baiting and dog-fighting, but their gentle nature and affectionate personalities soon made them a beloved companion animal. They were often kept as pets by families and were known for their loyalty and protective instincts towards their loved ones.
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Origin and Development
Pit Bull type dogs originated in England, where they were bred from ancient Molossers that were used to guard families and go to war.
These early dogs had a dual purpose, and many modern large breed dogs, including mastiff breeds and bulldog breeds, share ancestry with them.
In the 1800s, breeders in England mixed the drive and gameness of a terrier with the size and leanness of a bulldog to create a dog for blood sports, specifically bull baiting.
This practice was deemed unethical, and the dogs were later used for farming, hunting, and as family companions.
Early immigrants from England brought their dogs to America in the 1870s, where they were valued for their tenacity and athleticism.
The breed was later divided into two distinct breeds: the American Pit Bull Terrier, used for farming, and the American Staffordshire Terrier, removed from the fighting circuit.
The breed has a long history of being popular among working-class families, and they were often photographed with their dogs in everyday life.
The term "nanny dog" was later coined by modern dog enthusiasts, but there's no historical accuracy to support it.
The breed's ancestors, the Old English Terriers and Old English Bulldogs, were bred together in England to produce a dog with the gameness of a terrier and the strength of a bulldog.
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These bull and terriers arrived in the United States in the late 19th century and became the direct ancestors of the American Pit Bull Terrier.
Dog fighting was a bloodsport that was banned in Britain in 1835, but it continued clandestinely, and the dogs were later used for dog fighting in America.
The breed was recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC) in 1898 as the American Pit Bull Terrier.
The UKC later added the word "pit" in parentheses to the breed name to facilitate public acceptance, but it was later dropped.
In the early 20th century, pit bulls were used as catch dogs for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt hogs, and drive livestock, and as family companions.
The Colby dogs are an ancient black-nosed bloodline that served as one of the pillars of the APBT breed, and they were started by John Pritchard Colby in 1889.
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Temperament and Characteristics
The American Pit Bull Terrier's temperament is a key aspect of its character. The breed is described as having strength, confidence, and a zest for life.
Its natural agility makes it an excellent climber, so good fencing is essential for this breed. This breed does very well in performance events due to its high level of intelligence and willingness to work.
The American Pit Bull Terrier is eager to please and brimming with enthusiasm, making it a joy to be around.
Temperament
The American Pit Bull Terrier has a unique temperament that's often misunderstood. The UKC describes it as having strength, confidence, and a zest for life.
This breed is eager to please and full of enthusiasm, making it a great companion. The breed's natural agility makes it one of the most capable canine climbers, so good fencing is a must for this breed.
Human aggression is considered a disqualification factor by the ADBA and OFRNR, highlighting the importance of socialization and training. The American Preservation Dog Registry (APDR) standard emphasizes that the temperament must be totally reliable with people.
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The CDC study found that Pit Bull-type dogs accounted for 67% of human dog-bite-related fatalities in the US between 1979 and 1998. This suggests there may be a breed-specific problem with fatalities, but more research is needed to understand the issue.
Media portrayal has significantly impacted how the American public views the temperament of APBT, often exaggerating or distorting any real or potential problems. This has led to a lower probability of adoption or even being taken into shelters for care.
Pit Bull: America's Most Feared Dog
Pit Bulls have a long history that dates back to Ancient Greece, where they were used as guard dogs and for war.
They've always had a dual purpose, and many modern large breed dogs, including mastiff and bulldog breeds, share ancestry with these ancient dogs.
In the 1800s, breeders in England mixed the drive and gameness of a terrier with the size and leanness of a bulldog to create a dog for blood sports.
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This practice was deemed unethical, and the dogs were later used for farming and hunting.
Early immigrants from England brought their dogs to America in the 1870s, and the breed quickly gained popularity among working-class families.
The Pit Bull's tenacity and athleticism made them perfect for working the farm and hunting game.
However, a divergence in the 1930s led to two separate breeds: the American Pit Bull Terrier and the American Staffordshire Terrier.
The American Pit Bull Terrier was used for farming, while the American Staffordshire Terrier was removed from the fighting circuit and used in conformation.
Today, Pit Bulls are often misunderstood, and their reputation has been tarnished by their history of being used for blood sports.
Despite this, the breed has always been popular among working-class families, and they're often depicted in early photographs as gentle companions.
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Breed History and Development
The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) has a rich and complex history that spans centuries. The breed originated in England in the 19th century, where Old English Terriers and Old English Bulldogs were bred together to create a dog that combined the gameness of the terrier with the strength and athleticism of the bulldog.
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This type of dog, known as the bull and terrier, was used in bloodsports such as bull baiting and bear baiting until these practices were banned in 1835. After the ban, dog fighting became a popular alternative, and the bull and terrier was used for this purpose as well.
In the late 19th century, the breed was brought to the United States, where it became known as the American Pit Bull Terrier. The breed was recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC) in 1898.
Pit bull type dogs have always had a dual purpose, serving both as working dogs and companions. In the early 20th century, pit bulls were used as catch dogs for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt hogs, and drive livestock.
The breed has undergone significant changes over the years, with breeders developing different lines for various purposes. In the 1930s, a divergence occurred when breeders began using the dogs for different purposes, resulting in the creation of two distinct breeds: the American Pit Bull Terrier and the American Staffordshire Terrier.
Here are some key events in the breed's history:
- 1800s: Breeders in England mixed the drive and gameness of a terrier with the size and leanness of a bulldog to create a dog for bull baiting.
- 1870s: Early immigrants from England brought their dogs to the United States, where the breed became popular among working-class families.
- 1930s: A divergence occurred when breeders began using the dogs for different purposes, resulting in the creation of two distinct breeds: the American Pit Bull Terrier and the American Staffordshire Terrier.
- 1936: The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the breed as the Staffordshire Terrier.
- 1972: The AKC changed the name of the breed to American Staffordshire Terrier.
The breed's history is complex and multifaceted, reflecting the changing needs and values of society over time. Despite its checkered past, the APBT has become a beloved companion dog, prized for its loyalty, intelligence, and athleticism.
Breed-Specific Legislation
Breed-specific legislation has been implemented in many countries and regions.
Over 20 countries, including the UK, Brazil, and Australia, have enacted some form of breed-specific legislation on pit bull-type dogs.
Restrictions range from outright bans to restrictions on import and conditions on ownership.
The state of New South Wales in Australia places restrictions on the breed, including mandatory sterilization.
Certain cities in the US and the province of Ontario, Canada, have banned ownership of the American Pit Bull Terrier.
In the UK, it is against the law to own, sell, abandon, give away, or breed a Pit Bull Terrier.
Since 2018, at least 120 repeals of breed-specific legislation have occurred in various regions.
A province-wide ban on "pit bulls" in Ontario, Canada, led to a significant decrease in dog bites involving pit bull types.
However, this decrease was not solely due to the ban, as other dog breeds may have contributed to the rise in reported dog bites in Toronto.
Activities and Ownership
The American Pit Bull Terrier is a versatile breed that excels in various dog sports. They can participate in weight pulling, dog agility, flyball, lure coursing, and advanced obedience competition.
With their high energy and endurance, APBTs are suitable for a wide range of working disciplines. They have been used as search and rescue dogs and police dogs performing narcotics and explosives detection.
In the United States, APBTs have also been used as Border Patrol dogs and hearing dogs to provide services to the deaf. They can also serve as general service dogs, including therapy dogs.
Some people use APBTs for hunting feral pigs, but this practice can be hazardous for the dogs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Were pitbulls originally bred to fight?
Pitbulls were originally bred for a specific purpose, but it wasn't fighting - they were bred to bite and hold large animals. However, their history is complex and their role in dog fighting is a darker chapter that's worth understanding.
What animal did pit bulls evolve from?
Pit Bulls originated from Old English Bulldogs, a breed similar to the American Bulldog. They were bred for a brutal blood sport in the British Isles, which led to their development.
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