Military dogs have been serving alongside humans in various capacities for centuries, and their contributions have been invaluable. They've been used for scouting, sentry duty, and even search and rescue missions.
Their training is rigorous and specialized, with some dogs receiving up to 1,000 hours of training before deployment. This level of training is what makes them so effective in high-stress situations.
Military dogs are often retired after their service, and many are adopted by loving families who provide them with a comfortable life. In fact, the US military has a program in place to help adopt out retired military dogs.
Some military dogs have even gone on to become therapy dogs, using their gentle nature to comfort people in need.
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Military Dog Roles
Military dogs have been an essential part of military operations for centuries, and their roles have evolved over time. They were used as sentry dogs during World War 1, often sitting alongside soldiers on guard and alerting them to potential threats.
These dogs were trained to bark or growl when a stranger approached the camp or post, using their keen senses to detect danger. Their ability to distinguish between friend and foe was crucial in protecting the soldiers.
One remarkable example of military dog roles is the use of casualty dogs, who were trained to find wounded soldiers on the battlefield and bring back a leash to indicate their location. If the soldier was dead, the dog would move on, but if they were dying, the dog would stay with them.
Thousands of soldiers owe their lives to these heroic dogs, who showed remarkable loyalty and compassion in the face of danger. Their bravery and dedication are a testament to the incredible bond between humans and animals.
Famous Military Dogs
Sergeant Stubby, a Boston Terrier, is the most decorated dog in American history, earning a Purple Heart, a Trumpet Award, and being promoted to sergeant in the US Army.
Sergeant Stubby served in World War I and was known for detecting gas attacks, locating wounded soldiers, and even capturing a German spy.
Higgins, a St. Bernard, was a hero of World War II, serving in the Pacific Theater and being credited with detecting over 75 enemy soldiers, including a group of Japanese soldiers hiding in a cave.
Higgins was awarded the Purple Heart and the Distinguished Service Cross, and was also the first dog to be promoted to the rank of sergeant in the US Marine Corps.
Chips, a German Shepherd, was a member of the US Army's 1st Infantry Division during World War II and was credited with detecting over 300 enemy soldiers, including a group of German soldiers hiding in a bunker.
Chips was awarded the Purple Heart and the Distinguished Service Cross, and was also the first dog to be promoted to the rank of sergeant in the US Army.
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Breed Profiles
The Belgian Malinois is a versatile breed, often confused with the German Shepherd due to their similar looks, but they're actually lighter in weight, making them an excellent police or military dog.
They possess a keen work ethic and can undertake a variety of tasks, quickly learning and responding to commands.
In 2019, a Belgian Malinois named Conan was hailed a hero at The White House after being injured during a military operation targeting the so-called Islamic State leader, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.
Dutch Shepherds are known for their intelligence, versatility, and trainability, making them useful in a variety of military tasks.
Their resourcefulness and adaptability are attributes that are highly sought after in military dog breeds.
Labrador Retrievers are also highly trainable and are used by many branches of the military.
Their small stature makes them ideal for parachuting and repelling missions with their handlers, and their sense of smell is 40 times greater than that of a human.
Not All German Shepherds
You know, people often think of German Shepherds as the ultimate military breed, and they're certainly a popular choice. But the truth is, many other breeds have proven themselves to be just as valuable in the field.
Belgian Malinois, for example, are often confused with German Shepherds due to their similar looks, but they're actually a lighter weight breed with a keen work ethic. They were first used in World War I as Red Cross Dogs and have since become a popular choice for police and military work.
The US Navy SEALS, in particular, have a fondness for Belgian Malinois due to their compact size and incredible sense of smell. These dogs are 40 times more sensitive to smells than humans, making them invaluable for detection tasks.
Dutch Shepherds, on the other hand, are known for their intelligence, versatility, and trainability. They excel in obedience, agility, and tracking exercises, making them a popular choice for a variety of military tasks.
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Interestingly, 85% of military working dogs are purchased from countries like Germany and the Netherlands, where dogs have been bred specifically for military service for hundreds of years. This selective breeding has allowed breeders to develop ideal traits for military work, such as tenacity and intelligent disobedience.
Doberman Pinschers, too, have a long history of military service, with their speed, stamina, and sharp intellect making them efficient guard dogs. They've served valiantly in many historical conflicts, and their intense loyalty makes them a reliable companion in the line of duty.
Ultimately, while German Shepherds are certainly a popular choice for military work, they're not the only breed that's up to the task. With their unique skills and abilities, breeds like Belgian Malinois, Dutch Shepherds, and Doberman Pinschers are proving themselves to be just as valuable in the field.
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English Springer Spaniel
The English Springer Spaniel is incredibly intelligent and agile, making them a popular choice for various roles, including sniffer dogs. They're mostly used for detecting explosives and drugs.
One notable example is Scamp, a highly skilled English Springer Spaniel who's so good at his job that a crime group put a £25,000 bounty on his head. His specialty is sniffing out illegal tobacco.
Scamp has uncovered around six million pounds worth of illegal tobacco over the last five years, showcasing the breed's impressive detection abilities.
Boxer
The Boxer is a medium-sized breed with a distinctive "mask" of black fur on its face. They typically weigh between 60-70 pounds and stand 21-25 inches tall at the shoulder.
Boxers are known for their energetic and playful personalities, which make them a great fit for active families. They require regular exercise to stay happy and healthy.
Their short coats are easy to maintain, requiring only occasional brushing and bathing. Boxers are generally a low-maintenance breed when it comes to grooming.
Boxers are also known for their loyalty and affection towards their families, making them great companions. They thrive on attention and interaction with their owners.
Their intelligence and trainability make them a popular choice for first-time dog owners. Boxers are relatively easy to train and can learn a wide range of commands and behaviors.
Military Dog Statistics
Military dogs have been serving alongside humans for thousands of years, with evidence of their use dating back to ancient Egypt around 3000 BC.
In the US military, there are over 1,600 active military working dogs at any given time, with an average of 1,000 new dogs joining the ranks each year.
These dogs are trained to perform a wide range of tasks, including detection, patrol, and sentry duties.
Military Dog Life and Care
Military dogs undergo rigorous training to prepare them for their roles, which can last up to 24 weeks. This training includes obedience, agility, and detection skills.
Their living arrangements are also carefully considered, with many military dogs living in kennels or barracks with their handlers. In these facilities, they have access to exercise areas, veterinary care, and socialization with other dogs.
Despite the demands of their work, military dogs are treated with great care and respect, with many receiving rewards and praise for a job well done.
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Dealing with Pests
Dogs were often used to deal with pests in the trenches of war, where rats and other pests were a common problem. They were effective rat catchers, allowing soldiers to focus on their tasks without distractions.
Soldiers would often have dogs come in to handle the pest problem, which was a huge relief for them. This helped keep the soldiers safe from diseases that pests could carry.
Dogs were able to handle the pest problem efficiently, giving soldiers more time to focus on their duties. Their presence was a welcome sight for soldiers who were tired of dealing with pests.
They Do It All for the Kong
Military working dogs are selected for their love of a ball or a Kong dog toy, which can be used to motivate them in their work.
A military working dog has to really, really want the Kong in order to be selected because it will be part of their "paycheck" for years to come.
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A handler's heartfelt praise is the other half of their reward, and it's a crucial part of their motivation.
The dog's love of the Kong is absolutely crucial in motivating the animal to work as hard as it needs to in order to save lives in combat.
Everything runs down-leash, which is a saying among handlers of military working dogs, meaning that the dog's performance is directly tied to their handler's praise and the reward of the Kong.
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They're Valuable Beyond Service
Military dogs are worth a pretty penny, with a fully-trained bomb detection canine valued at over $150,000. Their unique skillset makes them extremely valuable assets.
Their accuracy is unmatched, with a remarkable 98% accuracy in detecting bombs and drugs. This level of precision is truly impressive.
It's not just their monetary value that's noteworthy, but also the respect and admiration they receive from their handlers. In some units, military dogs are even ranked higher than their handlers.
Puppy Development Specialist
The U.S. military has a specialized job for caring for their future service dogs from birth, known as a puppy development specialist. They work with the puppies from the moment they're born until they're around 6-7 months old.
These specialists help the puppies develop basic social skills. They're essential in preparing the puppies for their future roles as service dogs.
The Military Working Dog Breeding Program on Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio is one of the largest military service dog breeding programs in the world. It provides working dogs to every service branch.
Puppy development specialists are responsible for getting the puppies ready for their jobs later in life. They play a vital role in the development of these future service dogs.
Military Dog Training and Operations
Military dogs undergo rigorous training to prepare them for various operations. They learn to detect explosives, narcotics, and other substances, making them invaluable assets in combat zones.
Their training involves exposing them to different environments, including extreme temperatures and noise levels. This helps them become more resilient and focused in high-stress situations.
Some military dogs are trained to locate missing people, such as soldiers or civilians, using their keen sense of smell and tracking abilities.
Message Carriers
During World War 1, carrying messages was an important part of communicating on the battlefield. Standard field communication was quite slow, making it a challenge for soldiers to convey vital information quickly.
Trained dogs were used as message carriers due to their speed and agility, allowing them to traverse many terrains with ease. They were also much harder to hit than human messengers.
Dogs were dependable and reliable, making them a valuable asset on the battlefield. Their small size and agility made them less noticeable to enemy forces.
Two American soldiers captured a pair of German dogs during World War I, renaming them Crown Prince and Kaiser Bill. They posed with the dogs before returning to the United States.
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USMC Planned WWII Invasion of Japan
The USMC Planned WWII Invasion of Japan. The United States Marine Corps began its war dog program in 1942, training and fielding experimental dog units across the Pacific theater.
The program aimed to train a battalion of dogs to lead Marines in a possible amphibious assault on the Japanese mainland. This ambitious plan was part of the Marine Corps' efforts to utilize dogs in combat.
The USMC's war dog program was officially underway, with a focus on training dogs for various military tasks.
Some Fight Alongside Elite Units
Some military dogs are trained to fight alongside elite units, like the Navy Seals. These dogs are called Multi-Purpose Canines (MPCs) and serve extremely important roles.
Cairo, a Belgian Malinois, accompanied SEALTeam Six in their raid on Osama Bin Laden's compound. This shows the crucial role that military dogs can play in high-stakes missions.
Rottweilers, with their strength and robust build, are often used in military contexts, including patrolling and guarding. Their physical capability and protective nature make them well-suited to demanding environments.
In addition to their physical abilities, military dogs like MPCs are also trained to perform specific tasks, such as reconnaissance and explosives detection.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are military dogs called?
Military dogs are commonly referred to as Military Working Dogs (MWDs) or K-9s, and are also known as police dogs in some contexts.
What is the most used military dog?
The German Shepherd is the most widely used military dog breed due to its exceptional intelligence, high energy, and ease of training. This breed's versatility and ability to learn quickly make it an invaluable asset in various military roles.
What are the benefits of military dogs?
Military dogs provide crucial support to the DOD community by performing specialized tasks, such as opening doors and detecting seizures. Their assistance enhances the lives of those they serve, offering vital independence and peace of mind.
Are military dogs mostly male or female?
Military dogs are not limited to males, with females also excelling in various roles, including patrol and detection work. In fact, female dogs are often used in these capacities.
Sources
- https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/6906-six-incredible-roles-performed-by-dogs-in-world-war-i.html
- https://be.chewy.com/military-working-dog-profiles/
- https://www.purina.co.uk/find-a-pet/articles/dog-types/breed-guides/police-military-dogs
- https://spotpet.com/blog/breed-tips/best-military-dog-breeds
- https://www.squeakycleangrooming.com/news/militarydogs
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