Emotional support animals and assistance animals are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct differences. Emotional support animals are prescribed by a licensed mental health professional to provide comfort and relief to individuals with mental or emotional disabilities.
Assistance animals, on the other hand, are trained to perform specific tasks to aid individuals with physical, sensory, or mental disabilities. For example, a guide dog for a person who is blind or has low vision can be considered an assistance animal.
One key difference between the two is that emotional support animals do not require special training, whereas assistance animals must be trained to perform specific tasks.
Types of Assistance Animals
Emotional support dogs are a type of assistance animal that can be prescribed by a licensed mental health professional to a person with a disabling mental illness.
These dogs can be of any age and any breed, but what's most important is that they provide emotional comfort and support to their owner.
To qualify as an emotional support dog, the pet needs to be prescribed by a licensed mental health professional, such as a therapist, psychologist, or psychiatrist.
What Is a Dog?
Dogs can be of any age and any breed. This is a key characteristic of emotional support dogs, which are a type of assistance animal.
To be considered an assistance animal, a dog must be prescribed by a licensed mental health professional. This professional must determine that the presence of the animal is needed for the mental health of the patient.
Owning a pet can have a significant impact on a person's mental health. For example, it can ease a person's anxiety or give them a focus in life.
Differentiating Your Dog
Differentiating Your Dog is an important step in receiving the recognition you need. A colored vest can help identify your service dog, making it easier for those working in public places to understand its role.
Wearing a colored vest is not a requirement, but it can be a useful tool in certain situations. This can help prevent misunderstandings and ensure that you're able to enter public spaces with your service dog.
Carrying a medical letter is crucial for emotional support dogs, providing evidence of their official status as a support animal. This letter serves as proof of your emotional support dog's role in your life.
A service dog's colored vest can make a big difference in how it's perceived by others. It's a simple yet effective way to communicate its purpose.
Animals on Flights
Emotional support dogs can be recognized as pets on flights, but they're no longer considered service animals under the US Department of Transportation's Air Carrier Access Act.
In January 2021, the no-fly policy for emotional support animals (ESAs) started for most airlines, and now they're treated as pets.
Airlines may require passengers with service dogs to complete a DOT-authorized form prior to travel that confirms their training, health, and certification.
The American Kennel Club has expressed concern for safety due to the previous recognition of ESAs as service animals.
Emotional support animals are not considered service animals under the new DOT definition, which aligns with the Department of Justice's definition under the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Take a look at this: Assistance Animal Definition
Housing Accommodations
Individuals who use ESAs are provided certain accommodations under federal law in the areas of housing and air travel.
People cannot be discriminated against due to a disability when obtaining housing, thanks to the Fair Housing Act.
Rules such as pet bans or restrictions are waived for people who have a prescription for an ESA.
They cannot be charged a pet deposit for having their ESA live with them.
Worth a look: Lap of Love Pet Loss Support
Function
A service dog is specially trained to perform a function or job for an owner that has a physical, intellectual, or emotional disability.
The key difference between a service dog and an emotional support animal is the level of training. Service dogs are trained to complete specific tasks, while emotional support animals are more of a companion.
A service dog may be trained to open doors, pick up items, or provide physical support, but an emotional support animal is not.
Certification and Protection
To qualify for an emotional support animal, you'll need to have a disability diagnosed by a doctor or mental health professional and receive a letter stating how the animal will be of benefit.
Any pet can be considered an emotional support animal, but a service dog agency will only help find a specially trained dog to assist with a person's disability.
The certifications for service dogs and emotional support animals also differ, with only specifically-trained dogs being recognized as service dogs.
Certification
To get certified as a service animal or emotional support animal, you'll need to understand the process. A service dog agency can help find a specially trained dog to assist with a person's disability.
The type of certification you'll need depends on the type of animal and the services it provides. Only a specifically-trained dog can be a service dog, but any pet can be considered an emotional support animal.
To qualify for an emotional support animal, you'll need to have a disability diagnosed by a doctor or mental health professional. This professional will write a letter stating how the animal will be of benefit to you.
The certification process for service animals involves finding a specially trained dog through a service dog agency. This agency will work with you to find a dog that meets your needs and provides the necessary training.
Explore further: Assistance Animal Certification
Protection
Service dogs are usually needed more frequently as they help the owner with physical tasks, so they're offered legal protections through the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
You can take a service dog almost anywhere you go, and they legally cannot be denied access, which is not the case for emotional support animals.
Emotional support dogs, on the other hand, have limited legal protections, which only apply to housing and air travel.
It's essential to understand that emotional support animals may not be allowed into areas that service dogs will, so you'll need to check with businesses beforehand.
Service Animals vs Assistance Animals
Service animals, such as guide dogs and psychiatric service dogs, are individually trained to perform specific tasks for people with disabilities.
The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) defines service animals as dogs trained to do work or perform tasks for people with disabilities.
Service dogs are allowed anywhere the public is allowed, but emotional support animals (ESAs) are not.
ESAs are not trained to perform specific tasks, but rather provide emotional comfort and companionship.
Their presence can help ease anxiety, depression, and certain phobias, but they do not qualify as service animals.
Service dogs, on the other hand, have been trained to do jobs that help the handler cope with a mental illness, such as reminding a person to take prescribed medications.
Psychiatric service dogs have specific training to help people with mental illnesses, but ESAs do not.
A licensed mental health professional must provide a letter stating that you are emotionally disabled and need an ESA to qualify for no-pet housing and to fly with your ESA in the cabin of an aircraft.
This letter is the only legal protection an ESA has, and it's not the same as having a service dog.
Frequently Asked Questions
Emotional support animals are not the same as assistance animals, despite both being recognized under the Fair Housing Act. Emotional support animals are not trained to perform specific tasks.
Q: What is the main difference between an emotional support animal and an assistance animal?
A: An assistance animal is trained to perform specific tasks to assist an individual with a disability, whereas an emotional support animal provides comfort and emotional support.
Only the owner of the emotional support animal can confirm its emotional support status, and they must provide a letter from a licensed healthcare professional. This letter is not the same as a prescription.
Q: Do I need a prescription for an emotional support animal?
A: No, you don't need a prescription, but you do need a letter from a licensed healthcare professional.
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) only recognizes assistance animals, not emotional support animals. Emotional support animals are not protected under the ADA.
Recommended read: Ada Assistance Animal
Frequently Asked Questions
Can someone ask me for papers on my service dog?
No, you cannot ask for papers or documentation on a service dog. Service animals are protected under the law, and their certification is not publicly verifiable
Sources
- Mayor’s Alliance for NYC’s Animals (animalalliancenyc.org)
- Americans With Disabilities Act (adata.org)
- ESA vs Service Dogs: What's the Difference? (nsarco.com)
- Service Animals vs. Emotional Support Animals (eisingerlaw.com)
- Fair Housing Act’s definition of disability (justice.gov)
- Americans with Disability Act (ada.gov)
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