What Are Chihuahuas Descended From and Their Unique Origins

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Posted Oct 21, 2024

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Native Mexican Aztec warrior, with pre-Hispanic makeup simulating a skull and a bone headdress adorned with feathers and cempazuchil flowers
Credit: pexels.com, Native Mexican Aztec warrior, with pre-Hispanic makeup simulating a skull and a bone headdress adorned with feathers and cempazuchil flowers

Chihuahuas have a rich and fascinating history that dates back thousands of years. They originated in Mexico, specifically in the state of Chihuahua, from where they got their name.

The earliest known ancestors of Chihuahuas were the Techichi, a small, smooth-coated dog that was highly valued by the ancient Toltecs and Aztecs for its companionship and hunting skills. These dogs were often mummified and buried with their owners to ensure their safe passage into the afterlife.

The Techichi was a true companion dog, known to be loyal and affectionate, which are still hallmark traits of Chihuahuas today. In fact, the Techichi was often seen as a symbol of wealth and status in ancient Mexico, as only the wealthy and elite could afford to keep such a prized companion.

Chihuahua Origins

The origins of Chihuahuas are a topic of debate, but one theory suggests they descended from the ancient Techichi dog, which dates back to the 9th century AD.

The Techichi was a mute dog, meaning they didn't bark, which is quite different from the Chihuahua's reputation as a notorious barker.

The breed was first registered by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1904, but their actual lineage is still unclear.

From Ancient Origins

Credit: youtube.com, The Mesoamerican Origins of the Chihuahua~ History from Home

The Chihuahua's ancient origins are a fascinating topic. Bred from the Techichi, an ancient dog of Mexico's Toltec indigenous tribe, these dogs can be traced back to the 9th century AD.

The Techichi was a mute dog, meaning they didn't bark, and it's uncertain if they even knew how to. This is interesting considering Chihuahuas are notorious barkers.

The Techichi dogs are now extinct, and we know very little about them. Everything scientists have learned about them comes from old artifacts.

The Techichi's role in ancient Mexican society is a mystery, but it's believed they served many jobs and purposes early on. They were indeed a multi-purpose dog.

The origins of the Chihuahua breed are unclear, with one theory being that they descended from the Techichi. Another theory suggests short-haired Chihuahuas are a cross between small hairless dogs from China and small native dogs.

The breed was first registered by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1904, and today they're ranked 34th on AKC's list of most popular dog breeds.

On a similar theme: Small Dogs Chihuahua

Pocket" Dogs

Credit: youtube.com, Chihuahua Facts: The Sacred Dog of the Aztecs

In the 17th and 18th centuries, "pocket dogs" were a popular trend among European royalty. These small dogs were likely the ancestors of modern breeds like the Maltese.

They were a fashion statement, carried around in purses or pockets. Some people believe these early small dogs made their way to the Americas and bred with native breeds, potentially contributing to the Chihuahua.

There are depictions of Chihuahua-looking dogs in European art, which supports this theory. However, tracing these dogs from Europe to South America is a challenging task.

Chihuahua Breed History

The origins of Chihuahua dogs aren't very clear. One theory suggests that they descended from Techichi, a Central or South American dog that dates back to the 9th century and the Toltec civilization.

The Techichi dogs were discovered by Americans visiting Mexico in the 19th century. They were prevalent in the State of Chihuahua, which is how they gained the name we know them by today.

Credit: youtube.com, CHIHUAHUA HISTORY DEEPDIVE

Another theory proposes that short-haired Chihuahuas are a cross between small hairless dogs from China and small native dogs. This is believed to have occurred through interactions with Spanish traders who brought these dogs to Mexico.

The long-haired variety of Chihuahua is thought to have been created through crosses with Pomeranians or Papillons. This theory suggests a more recent development in the breed's history.

The American Kennel Club (AKC) first registered the Chihuahua breed in 1904. Today, Chihuahuas are ranked 34th on AKC's list of most popular dog breeds.

Possible Ancestors

The Techichi, a small canine from Mayan times, is believed to be the ancestor of the Chihuahua. This theory is supported by the fact that Techichi and Chihuahua resemble each other in size and physical traits.

The Techichi was domesticated as far back as the Toltec civilizations, and evidence of their existence can be found in artifacts and pictures. The Institute of Technology in Stockholm recently found that about 70% of the Chihuahua's DNA originated from the Techichi.

However, not everyone agrees with this study, and a different study found that the Chihuahua only has 4% pre-colonial DNA.

The Techichi

Credit: youtube.com, Are Techichi extinct?

The Techichi is a small canine that's believed to be the ancestor of the Chihuahua. It's a fascinating fact that these dogs date back to Mayan times.

The Techichi was domesticated as far back as the Toltec civilizations, which is a remarkable feat considering the time period. It's a testament to the long history of dog domestication.

We know what the Techichi looked like thanks to artifacts and pictures that have been discovered. They resemble modern Chihuahuas in size and many physical traits.

The Techichi is now extinct, but its legacy lives on in the Chihuahua. This is evident in the DNA study done by the Institute of Technology in Stockholm, which found that about 70% of the Chihuahua's DNA originated from the Techichi.

However, not everyone agrees with this study. A different study found that the Chihuahua only has 4% pre-colonial DNA, which raises questions about the Techichi's true ancestry.

The Chinese Crested

Credit: youtube.com, Dogs 101: Chinese Crested

The Chinese Crested is one of the breeds that's been linked to the Chihuahua's ancestry. However, there's little proof behind this theory.

Some people claim that trading ventures between China and the Americas are to blame for the Chihuahua's origins. But there's no DNA evidence to support this theory.

Despite the lack of evidence, the Chinese Crested is still an interesting breed to consider. It's a unique dog with a distinctive appearance.

There is no concrete connection between the Chinese Crested and the Chihuahua's ancestry.

Chihuahua Characteristics

The Chihuahua is one of the smallest dog breeds in the world, weighing between 2-8 pounds.

One of the most distinctive features of the Chihuahua is its large head in proportion to its body.

Chihuahuas have a short or long coat that comes in a wide range of colors and patterns.

Their ears are erect and pointed, and they often have a small nose and large eyes.

Credit: youtube.com, 7 Different Types Of Chihuahua And Their Characteristics/Amazing Dogs

Chihuahuas are known for being energetic and playful, but they can also be wary of strangers and may require time to warm up to new people.

Their lifespan is relatively long, typically ranging from 12-18 years.

They are often described as confident and bold, but can also be timid and sensitive at times.

Chihuahuas are generally quiet dogs, but they can be prone to barking if they feel threatened or territorial.

Sources

  1. Chihuahua Club of America (chihuahuaclubofamerica.org)
  2. Chihuahua’s complex origins (ilovechihuahua.com)
  3. national dog of Mexico (chihuacorner.com)
  4. Chihuahua Subreddit forum (reddit.com)
  5. Chihuahua Club of America (chihuahuaclubofamerica.org)
  6. What Were Chihuahuas Bred For? History & FAQ (dogster.com)
  7. About the Breed – Arizona Chihuahua Rescue (azchihuahuarescue.org)

Bertha Hauck

Senior Writer

Bertha Hauck is a writer with a passion for sharing knowledge about canine companions. With a focus on Dutch Shepherds and other breeds originating in the Netherlands, Bertha's articles provide in-depth information for dog enthusiasts. Her expertise in herding dogs and FCI breeds has earned her a reputation as a trusted authority in the field.

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